Dukungan Organisasi, Efikasi Diri, dan Kinerja: Tinjauan Berdasarkan Teori Pertukaran Sosial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30640/jumma45.v5i1.5956Keywords:
Employee Behavior, Job Performance, Organizational Psychology, Perceived Organizational Support, Self-EfficacyAbstract
This literature study examines the role of perceived organizational support as a catalyst for self-efficacy and performance through the lens of social exchange theory. The analysis synthesizes concepts from organizational behavior literature, social exchange theory, and social cognitive theory to build a conceptual framework explaining the mechanisms linking organizational support to employee outcomes. The findings reveal that perceived organizational support triggers reciprocity processes in which employees respond to organizational care and recognition by strengthening their beliefs about personal capabilities. This self-efficacy enhancement occurs through multiple mechanisms including verbal persuasion from supervisors, provision of mastery experiences, vicarious learning through observing supported colleagues, and regulation of affective states that reduce stress and anxiety. Self-efficacy then mediates the relationship between organizational support and performance by influencing goal setting, strategy selection, persistence in the face of obstacles, stress management, acceptance of feedback, and innovative behavior. Employees with strong self-efficacy set more challenging goals, adopt more effective strategies, demonstrate greater resilience, and show higher levels of organizational citizenship behavior. The reciprocal principle embedded in social exchange theory explains why employees invest in self-development as a form of reciprocation for organizational support. This study contributes to theoretical integration between exchange-based and cognition-based perspectives on employee behavior and provides practical implications for designing supportive organizational environments that foster employee confidence and optimal performance.
References
Abdullah, M. R., & Wider, W. (2022). The moderating effect of self-efficacy on supervisory support and organizational citizenship behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.961270
PMid:36204762 PMCid:PMC9531654
Allagui, B. (2024). A scaffolding intervention to improve self-efficacy in source-based argumentative writing. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1454104
PMid:39582999 PMCid:PMC11581951
Arifin, S., & Darmawan, D. (2021). Studi tentang pengalaman kerja, komitmen kerja, dukungan organisasi dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 6(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.29040/jie.v6i1.3727
Arifin, S., Mardikaningsih, R., & Al Hakim, Y. R. (2017). Pengaruh kedisiplinan, kompetensi, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Management & Accounting Research Journal, 2(1), 43-50.
Ballantine, K., & Nunns, C. G. (1998). The moderating effect of supervisory support on the self-efficacy work-performance relationship. South African Journal of Psychology, 28(3), 164-173. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124639802800307
Basnet, D., Shah, S., & Subedi, D. P. (2024). Effect of perceived workplace support on employee job performance with the moderating role of self-efficacy in Nepalese commercial banks. IDJINA: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Innovation in Nepalese Academia, 3(1), 105-122. https://doi.org/10.3126/idjina.v3i1.70285
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Burnette, J. L., O'Boyle, E. H., VanEpps, E. M., Pollack, J. M., & Finkel, E. J. (2013). Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation. Psychological Bulletin, 139(3), 1-126. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029531
PMid:22866678
Cherian, J., & Jacob, J. (2013). Impact of self-efficacy on motivation and performance of employees. The International Journal of Business and Management, 8(14), 80. https://doi.org/10.5539/IJBM.V8N14P80
Conway, E. (2015). Perceived organizational support. 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom110285
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Darmawan, D. (2013). Prinsip prinsip perilaku organisasi. Pena Semesta - PT. JePe Press Media Utama, Surabaya.
• Darmawan, D. (2019). Pengaruh motivasi kerja, pengalaman kerja, efikasi diri, dan kompetensi diri terhadap kinerja pegawai dan loyalitas kerja melalui keterlibatan kerja. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Pendidikan Indonesia, 5(3), 229-236.
Darmawan, D., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2021). Studi tentang peran kualitas kehidupan kerja, kepemimpinan, dan persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap komitmen organisasi. Jurnal Simki Economic, 4(1), 89-98. https://doi.org/10.29407/jse.v4i1.97
Darmawan, D., Hardyansah, R., Marsal, A. P., & Da Silva, E. B. (2024). Change management and legal compliance in modern organizations. International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology, 6(3), 11-16.
Elsouk, S. M. S., Elsubbagh, S., Ayoun, B., & Radwan, A. (2021). The mediating role of psychological contract fulfillment in the relationship between organizational support and employee performance. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 10(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20211001.14
Fakhraei, M., Amani, R., & Manoochehri, S. (2015). Effects of organizational support on organizational commitment. Management and Administrative Sciences Review, 4(5), 766-771.
Fismasari, Z., Waluyo, W. B., Hendrawan, B. D., & Latifah, W. U. (2025). The effect of self-efficacy on individual performance: A theoretical review and practical implications. Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences, 4(6), 1819-1826. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjas.v4i6.190
Gale, J., Alemdar, M., Cappelli, C., & Morris, D. (2021). A mixed methods study of self-efficacy, the sources of self-efficacy, and teaching experience. Frontiers in Education, 6, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.750599
Gardi, B., & Darmawan, D. (2024). Supply chain management optimization with IoT and blockchain technology to increase efficiency and transparency. Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(2), 31-36.
Han, F. (2021). Attribution beliefs and self-efficacy in foreign language reading. Revista de Educación, 394, 395-417.
Hariani, M., Mardikaningsih, R., Darmawan, D., Nuraini, R., & Halizah, S. N. (2025, October). Transformational leadership, student participation, and campus digital communication: A systematic review of green management implementation in higher education. In Proceedings of the International Management Conference and Progressive Papers (Vol. 3, No. 1).
Irfan, M., & Al Hakim, Y. R. (2022). The effect of perceived organizational support and organizational culture on job satisfaction. International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology, 2(2), 25-30.
Iroegbu, M. N. (2015). Self-efficacy and work performance: A theoretical framework of Albert Bandura's model, review of findings, implications and directions for future research. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 4(4), 170. https://doi.org/10.11648/J.PBS.20150404.15
• Jahroni, J., & Darmawan, D. (2024). The moderating role of psychological well-being on the relationship between compensation and employee performance. EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 3(6), 3010-3018.
Kamila, F., & Hasanati, N. (2025). The role of self-efficacy on work engagement in employees: A systematic review. International Journal of Educational and Life Sciences, 3(6), 2089-2100. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijels.v3i6.57
Kasran, M., & Palopo, U. M. (2022). Self-esteem and self-efficacy's impact on employee performance. Fokus Bisnis. https://doi.org/10.32639/fokbis.v21i2.218
Kodden, B. (2020). The impact of self-efficacy. 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46463-9_5
Lambi, M., & Budiman, B. (2024). Self-efficacy studies and innovative behaviors: The role of organizational support at the Manokwari District Social Office. American Journal of Economic and Management Business, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.58631/ajemb.v3i3.69
Lestari, F. A. D., & Darmawan, D. (2025). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Nusantara, 6(1), 93-113. https://doi.org/10.54065/jss.6.1.2026.1077
Lestari, U. P., Sinambela, E. A., Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2020). Pengaruh efikasi diri dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah (JESYA), 3(2), 529-536. https://doi.org/10.32493/JEE.v2i4.10694
Lusiferina, D., Utami, A., Sudiro, A., & Noermijati. (2023). The mediating role of employee engagement in the relationship between self-efficacy and organizational support on employee performance. International Journal of Research In Business and Social Science. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i5.2679
Mardikaningsih, R. (2014). Kinerja karyawan dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 7(2), 73-84.
Mardikaningsih, R. (2023). Pandangan karyawan tentang dukungan organisasi: Penguatan komitmen organisasi atau turnover intention? Ekonomi Keuangan Investasi dan Syariah (EKUITAS), 4(3), 1011-1015. https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v4i3.3052
Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass.
Musenze, I. A., Mayende, T. S., Wampande, A. J., Kasango, J., & Emojong, O. R. (2021). Mechanism between perceived organizational support and work engagement: Explanatory role of self-efficacy. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 37(4), 471–495. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-02-2020-0016
Pramudya, G., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2022). Peningkatan kinerja guru melalui motivasi diri, konsep diri dan efikasi diri (Studi pada SMAN 1 Gondang Kabupaten Mojokerto). Jurnal Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1), 1-12.
Purwaningtyas, E., & Septyarini, E. (2021). Pengaruh stres kerja dan persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap produktivitas karyawan yang di mediasi oleh self-efficacy (Studi pada karyawan My Creative.Id Yogyakarta). 6(1), 226–231. https://doi.org/10.33087/JMAS.V6I1.248
• Putra, A. R., & Arifin, S. (2021). Supply chain management optimization in the manufacturing industry through digital transformation: The role of big data, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(2), 161-166.
Putra, A. R., & Darmawan, D. (2024). The role of supervisory support and self-efficacy on work effectiveness with work burnout as a moderator variable. Jurnal Simki Economic, 7(2), 439-451. https://doi.org/10.29407/jse.v7i2.358
Raudatusyifa, S., Sari, M. W., & Fenia, S. Z. (2024). Pengaruh dukungan organisasi dan self-efficacy terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel intervening pada PT Yasiga Sarana Utama Padang. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis Ekonomi, 2(2), 342-354. https://doi.org/10.54066/jmbe-itb.v2i2.1679
Rees, T., & Freeman, P. (2009). Social support moderates the relationship between stressors and task performance through self-efficacy. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28(2), 244-263. https://doi.org/10.1521/JSCP.2009.28.2.244
Rezazadeh, F., Seyyed-Naghavi, M. A., & Rezazadeh, S. (2023). A theoretical reflection on the past, present, and future of employee-organization relationship: A systematic literature review. https://doi.org/10.20476/jbb.v30i1.1420
Saleem, F., Malik, M. I., & Qasim, A. (2022). Supervisor support, self-efficacy, and employee performance: The mediating role of office de-clutter. Administrative Sciences, 12(4), 177. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040177
Stetz, T. A., Stetz, M. C., & Bliese, P. D. (2006). The importance of self-efficacy in the moderating effects of social support on stressor-strain relationships. Work & Stress, 20(1), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370600624039
Sulaksono, S., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2021). Studi tentang kedisiplinan dan pengembangan karir yang membentuk kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis, dan Kewirausahaan, 1(2), 149-158.
Sungkawaningtyas, M., Sumaryono, S., & Wulandaru, D. R. (2024). Enhancing commitment to change: The role of perceived supervisor support and self-efficacy. Eduvest, 4(12), 11880–11895. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i12.50038
Sürücü, L., Maslakci, A., & Şeşen, H. (2022). Transformational leadership, job performance, self-efficacy, and leader support: Testing a moderated mediation model. Baltic Journal of Management, 17(4), 467–483. https://doi.org/10.1108/bjm-08-2021-0306
Tian, G., Wang, J., Zhang, Z., & Wen, Y. (2019). Self-efficacy and work performance: The role of work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality, 47(12), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2224/SBP.8528
Wagner, B., & Koob, C. (2022). The relationship between leader-member exchange and work engagement in social work: A mediation analysis of job resources. Heliyon, 8(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08793
Wargoputri, A. I., Wahyuningsih, S., & Surwanti, A. (2024). A bibliometric analysis of perceived organizational support and performance using Vosviewer. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 7(07). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v7-i07-48
Zeb, A., Gan, G. G. G., Wei, O. J., & Karim, R. (2024). Examining the nexus between situational factors and job performance through the mediating role of work engagement and self-efficacy. Journal of Public Affairs. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2915
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Mahasiswa Manajemen dan Akuntansi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
