Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Digital dan Dukungan Organisasi terhadap Kelincahan Digital melalui Pemberdayaan Psikologis dan Kesiapan Digital Pegawai DJPb Jawa Timur

Yanuardi Bachtiar; Umu Khouroh; Mokhamad Natsir

doi:10.30640/jmcbus.v4i4.7686

Authors

Yanuardi Bachtiar Universitas Merdeka Malang
Umu Khouroh Universitas Merdeka Malang
Mokhamad Natsir Universitas Merdeka Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30640/jmcbus.v4i4.7686

Keywords:

Digital Agility, Digital Leadership, Digital Readiness, Perceived Organizational Support, Psychological Empowerment, Public Sector

Abstract

This study examines the mechanisms that shape employees' digital agility. Organizational resources in the form of digital leadership and perceived organizational support are positioned as foundations that influence agile behavior through psychological empowerment and digital readiness as serial mediators. A quantitative explanatory analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS v4.1.1.8. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 140 civil servants of the Directorate General of Treasury in East Java Province. All measurement models met the required criteria for PLS-SEM, and the structural model showed no significant collinearity and no critical risk of common method bias. The findings reveal that digital leadership and organizational support are not directly related to digital agility, but are significantly related to psychological empowerment. Psychological empowerment is significantly related to digital readiness and digital agility, and digital readiness is directly related to digital agility. The serial mediation analysis identifies an indirect-only mediation pattern. These findings indicate that digital leadership and organizational support remain important, but their influence on digital agility is transmitted through employees' internal psychological processes and readiness. This study clarifies the conceptual distinction between digital readiness as a pre-change condition and digital agility as a more advanced adaptive behavior.

References

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115

Bataev, A. V., & Davydov, I. S. (2020). The role of automation in improving the quality of enterprise business processes. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 986(1), 012015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/986/1/012015

Baxter, G., & Sommerville, I. (2011). Socio-technical systems: From design methods to systems engineering. Interacting with Computers, 23(1), 4–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2010.07.003

Claassen, K., dos Anjos, D. R., Kettschau, J., & Broding, H. C. (2021). How to evaluate digital leadership: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-021-00335-x

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage.

Hanelt, A., Bohnsack, R., Marz, D., & Antunes Marante, C. (2021). A systematic review of the literature on digital transformation: Insights and implications for strategy and organizational change. Journal of Management Studies, 58(5), 1159–1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12639

Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513

Höyng, M., & Lau, A. (2023). Being ready for digital transformation: How to enhance employees' intentional digital readiness. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 11, 100314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2023.100314

Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., & Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1854–1884. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315575554

Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002

Muehlburger, M., Krumay, B., Koch, S., & Currle, S. (2022). Individual digital transformation readiness: Conceptualisation and scale development. International Journal of Innovation Management, 26(3). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919622400138

Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698

Salmela, H., Baiyere, A., Tapanainen, T., & Galliers, R. D. (2022). Digital agility: Conceptualizing agility for the digital era. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 23(5), 1080–1101. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00767

Sameer, S. K. (2024). The interplay of digitalization, organizational support, workforce agility and task performance in a blended working environment: Evidence from Indian public sector organizations. Asian Business & Management, 23(2), 266–286. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-023-00246-1

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442–1465. https://doi.org/10.5465/256865

Srivastava, A. P., Yadav, M., Yadav, R., Singh, B., & Dewasiri, N. J. (2023). Exploring digital agility and digital transformation leadership: A mixed method study. Journal of Global Information Management, 31(8). https://doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.332861

Suparjiman, Alfatah, R. F., & Yuniarti, Y. (2025). Leadership alone is not enough: Why culture and satisfaction matter more in developing employee agility? JEMA: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Akuntansi dan Manajemen, 22(1), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.31106/jema.v22i1.23411

Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.640

Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003