Analisis Fikih Muamalah terhadap Praktik Bisnis Waralaba (Franchise) di Indonesia: Kajian Akad, Royalti, dan Lisensi Merek

Revania Putri Ramadhani; Siti Kulsumiat; Syaeful Bahri

doi:10.30640/inisiatif.v5i3.6737

Authors

Revania Putri Ramadhani Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
Siti Kulsumiat Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
Syaeful Bahri Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30640/inisiatif.v5i3.6737

Keywords:

Contract, Fiqh Muamalah, Franchise, Royalty, Trademark License

Abstract

The development of the franchise business in Indonesia has created a business cooperation model that allows the use of trademarks, operational systems, and intellectual property rights through specific agreements. This study examines franchise practices from the perspective of fiqh muamalah, focusing on contracts, royalty payments, and the validity of trademark licenses. The research aims to describe franchise business practices in Indonesia, analyze the position of contracts within the franchise system, examine royalties as compensation for the use of benefits, and assess the validity of trademark licenses based on fiqh muamalah principles. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were analyzed through content analysis using secondary sources, including the Qur’an, Hadith, fiqh muamalah literature, franchise regulations, intellectual property references, and relevant scientific journals. The findings show that franchise contracts can be understood through syirkah and ijarah contracts, which are consistent with fiqh muamalah principles. Royalties are considered lawful compensation for the use of trademarks and business systems with economic value, while trademark licenses are valid contract objects as recognized intellectual property rights. Franchise practices are permissible in Islam as long as they uphold justice, transparency, and avoid elements of gharar, riba, and maisir.

References

Anas, A. T., & Budianto, A. A. (2023). Analisis bisnis waralaba dalam perspektif hukum ekonomi Islam. ANAYASA: Journal of Legal Studies, 1(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.61397/ays.v1i1.2

Aulia, N. P., Rozalinda, Musdalifah, A. A., & Fiqram, M. (2025). Analisis prinsip keadilan dalam transaksi ekonomi syariah berdasarkan perspektif maqashid al-syari'ah. Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum, 3(6), 9173–9190. https://doi.org/10.61104/alz.v3i5.2621

Dasopang, N. (2023). Hak kekayaan intelektual (hak ibtikar) hak cipta dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Islamida: Journal Islamic Studies, 1(2), 94–108. https://doi.org/10.24256/alw.v8i1.3754

Effendi, A. (2021). Perlindungan hukum terhadap franchisor dan franchisee pada usaha waralaba dalam perspektif hak kekayaan intelektual (studi aspek hukum perjanjian). JIP: Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 2(2), 533–548.

Elise, Sukarja, D., & Lubis, T. M. (2023). Aspek hukum perjanjian waralaba bisnis kopi (studi bisnis franchise di Kota Medan). Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.32734/nlr.v2i1.9828

Fauzi, M. E., Priyatna, M. R., Arizzki, A. N., Yetty, F., & Manggabarani, A. S. (2022). Bisnis franchise dalam pandangan hukum Islam. Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum & Ekonomi Syariah, 8(2), 162–174.

Idhar. (2022). Bentuk-bentuk sistim transaksi praktik jual beli bawang merah ditinjau hukum ekonomi Islam. JASIE: Journal of Aswaja and Islamic Economics, 1(2), 136–154. https://doi.org/10.31942/jse.v1i2.7700

Manalu, Y. A. (2022). Pengaturan hukum tentang franchise di Indonesia. Jurnal Honeste Vivere, 32(2), 83–97. https://doi.org/10.55809/hv.v32i2.134

Mustamin, S. W. (2025). Konsep penggunaan dan perlindungan merek dagang dalam perspektif fiqh kontemporer dan maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. Al-Qanun: Kajian Syariah dan Hukum Islam, 1(2), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.59966/yudhistira.v3i4.2416

Nasrullah. (2021). Royalti penggunaan merek dalam sistem franchise di Indonesia menurut hukum Islam. Al'Adl: Jurnal Hukum, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.31602/al-adl.v13i2.5075

Nugroho, R. H., & Kusumasari, I. R. (2022). Perkembangan franchise di Indonesia. JBI: Jurnal Bisnis Indonesia, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.33005/jbi.v13i2.3451

Pratama, F. P., Mahfud Fadli, K., & Hafizd, J. Z. (2025). Leasing dan waralaba dalam hukum syariah di era digital: Konsep ijarah dalam leasing syariah serta franchise halal dan regulasi bisnis waralaba. Legalitas: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, 10(2), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.31293/lg.v10i2.8683

Pratama, H. (2022). Validitas akad dalam perjanjian lisensi hak cipta di Indonesia. Ulumuddin: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 12(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.47200/ulumuddin.v12i1.1053

Prayogo, A. C., Solehah, A. F., Wahyuni, D., & Sanjaya, V. F. (2024). Strategi mempertahankan usaha franchise pada minuman Wedrink di Indonesia. JERBUM: Journal of Economic Research and Business Management, 1(2), 134–145.

Salsabila, S., Fitriah, W., Akbar, Y. R., & Mu'is, A. (2026). Tinjauan fiqih muamalah terhadap penerapan prinsip kerjasama dalam dunia bisnis modern. Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal (MIJ), 4(1), 640–645.

Sugiono, M. A., Hasanah, S. D., & Sumriyah. (2023). Analisis aspek hukum perjanjian waralaba (franchise) dalam perspektif hukum perdata. Jurnal Sains Student Research, 1(2), 1082–1087. https://doi.org/10.61722/jssr.v1i2.463

Yonathan, A. A. (2023). Sistem bisnis waralaba dalam perspektif. Jurnal Multilingual, 3(3), 464–471.