Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora
Journal Title: Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Initials: Dewantara Frequency: Maret, Juni, September dan Desember Print ISSN: 2962-1135 Online ISSN: 2962-1127 Editor in Chief: Dr. Ir. Achmad Daengs GS, SE, MM, CPPM DOI: 10.30640 Publisher: Universitas 45 Surabaya Dewantara : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora, adalah jurnal yang ditujukan untuk publikasi artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Universitas 45 Surabaya. yang telah memiliki Nomor e-ISSN :2962-1127;. p-ISSN :2962-1135, Jurnal ini adalah jurnal studi ilmu-ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora yang bersifat Bubadibako dan terbuka. Bidang kajian dalam jurnal ini termasuk linguistik, sastra, filsafat, psikologi, hukum, pendidikan, sosial dan studi budaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora,menerima makalah dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia.Jurnal ini terbit 1 tahun 4 kali (Maret, Juni, September dan Desember). Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (SK Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 156/C/C3/KPT/2026 tanggal 7 April 2026, tentang threecountriestravel.com Pemberitahuan Hasil Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode 2 Tahun 2025), dimulai dari Volume 2 Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 sampai Volume 7 Nomor 1 Tahun 2028. Indexed by: Journal Sponsors and Partners :
Relevansi Pemikiran Agustinus tentang Totus Christus terhadap Masalah Gereja Kontemporer
This article discusses the relevance of Saint Augustine’s concept of Totus Christus in addressing various issues emerging within the contemporary Church. The concept of Totus Christus affirms that Christ is the head and the Church is His body, thus believers are understood as integral parts of the unity of Christ’s body. In the development of the modern Church, several challenges have arisen that affect the life of the Christian community, including the rise of individualism and the influence of business logic in church ministry, a sacramental crisis that reduces sacraments to mere rituals without deep spiritual meaning, and fragmentation that leads to divisions among Christians. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing various theological sources related to Augustine’s thought and the dynamics of the contemporary Church. The findings show that the concept of Totus Christus provides a strong theological foundation to reaffirm the importance of unity, love (caritas), and communal life within the Church. Through this understanding, the Church is expected to address the challenges of individualism, deepen sacramental understanding, and rebuild unity amid diversity. Thus, Augustine’s thought remains significantly relevant in helping the contemporary Church understand its identity and mission as the Body of Christ in the world.
Copyright (c) 2026 Emilianus Rango, Honoratus Kosminski Sale, Leonardo Kristian Magung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Yuridis Peran UU Otonomi Khusus Papua terhadap Efisiensi Keseimbangan dan Pembangunan Ekonomi di daerah Otonom
This study aims to analyze the role of Papua’s Special Autonomy Law in achieving efficiency and balance in regional economic development and to assess the extent to which the policy protects indigenous peoples’ rights from a juridical perspective. The background of this research lies in the fact that Special Autonomy for Papua was designed as an instrument of asymmetric decentralization to address development inequality, social marginalization, and the historical complexity of Papua. However, its implementation has revealed a significant gap between the normative objectives of the law and the realities in practice, particularly in relation to the distribution of development benefits, institutional effectiveness, indigenous participation, and the protection of customary land rights. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, with qualitative analysis based on library research. The findings show that Papua’s Special Autonomy has a strategic normative position in accelerating economic development through fiscal support, regional authority, and infrastructure development. Nevertheless, its effectiveness remains suboptimal due to weak institutional capacity, limited inter-agency coordination, low transparency, and insufficient involvement of indigenous communities in the development process. In addition, a development orientation that prioritizes economic growth and political stability often neglects the social, cultural, and constitutional rights of indigenous peoples. This condition has generated inequality, social conflict, and injustice in the management of natural resources. Therefore, it can be concluded that the success of Papua’s Special Autonomy is determined not only by the scale of authority and funding provided, but also by regulatory harmonization, institutional strengthening, respect for indigenous rights, and the implementation of inclusive, participatory, just, and sustainable development policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maidir Riwanto, Parningotan Malau https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dasar Filosofis Tujuan Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia: Kajian Atas Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Sistem Pendidikan
This study aims to examine the philosophical foundations of Indonesia's national education goals through an analysis of Pancasila values within the education system. Indonesia's national education cannot be separated from the ideological foundation of Pancasila, which serves as the spirit and direction of national development. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research methods, relying on primary and secondary sources including legislation, government regulations, and relevant scientific literature. The findings reveal that the five principles of Pancasila have a strong and complementary correlation as the philosophical foundation of education: the First Principle affirms the spiritual dimension and piety; the Second Principle emphasizes the formation of civilized and humane individuals; the Third Principle promotes national unity and identity; the Fourth Principle develops democratic character and deliberation; and the Fifth Principle directs education toward the realization of social justice. The implications of this study call for a reconstruction of educational orientation to be more holistically grounded in Pancasila values, not merely achieving cognitive competencies. These findings are expected to serve as an academic contribution to the development of more nationally characterized curriculum policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anisa Tata Ilahi, Agus Tinus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Problem Solving dan Solusi Keretakan Perkawinan akibat Doktrin Agama
The primary purpose of marriage is to form a happy family with a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman. However, not all marriages are lived happily. Disagreements between husband and wife lead to prolonged conflict, ultimately ending in divorce, marking the end of this physical and spiritual bond. Happiness is only a painful story. Among the factors that cause divorce is an imbalance in the rights and obligations of husband and wife. A husband, positioned as head of the family, should not position himself as the ruler of the household, thus positioning the wife as his servant. Religious doctrine regarding the position of husband and wife should be studied more wisely to avoid being trapped in a rigid understanding. The relationship between husband and wife in taking on roles is a partnership, mutual understanding and mutual understanding so that the household can be sustainable in a happy bond. Prolonged conflict in the household due to a lack of understanding of religion and the purpose of marriage can trigger divorce. Divorce ends a marriage that begins the uncertainty of the future of children, and the collapse of affection for children, so that children often seek escape to do things that are deviant and commit evil. This research aims to provide solutions for well-managed marriages, thus creating a harmonious, happy, and lasting household, and producing children with good character.
Copyright (c) 2026 Suaidi Suaidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Durasi Tidur terhadap Fokus Belajar dan Daya Ingat Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Sleep is a fundamental physiological need that directly influences cognitive performance, including the ability to focus and retain information. College students are among the most sleep-deprived populations due to academic pressure, heavy workloads, and digital lifestyles that encourage late-night activities. This study aims to analyze the effect of sleep duration on learning focus and memory retention among students of the Automotive Engineering Education Study Program at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through a structured online questionnaire consisting of 18 items across three variables: sleep duration (X), learning focus (Y1), and memory retention (Y2), using a five-point Likert scale. A total of 29 valid respondents participated in the main analysis, while 70 respondents were involved in instrument validation. Results indicate that 62% of students sleep fewer than six hours per day and 65.5% frequently stay up past 11 PM. The mean score for learning focus was 3.09 and for memory retention was 3.14 out of 5, both in the moderate category. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between sleep duration and learning focus (r = 0.306; p = 0.107) and memory retention (r = 0.342; p = 0.069), although neither reached conventional statistical significance, likely due to the limited sample size. Descriptive trends consistently showed higher cognitive scores among students with longer sleep durations. These findings underscore the importance of adequate sleep as a cognitive investment for academic performance and highlight the need for sleep hygiene education in university settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Ajib Nurzaki, Ridzki Ramadhan, Wahid Munawar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Relevansi Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning terhadap Dinamika Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Modern
This study aims to analyze the relevance of the contextual learning model in addressing the challenges of monotonous Islamic Religious Education (IRE) instruction in the modern era. Technological advancements and changes in student characteristics demand more active, creative, and meaningful learning innovations. However, PAI instruction in various educational institutions still tends to rely on conventional, teacher-centered methods, leading to student boredom and low engagement in the learning process. This article employs a literature review using a narrative approach to examine the relevance of the contextual learning model in addressing monotonous PAI instruction in the modern era. Data were obtained from 22 scientific journals and analyzed using content analysis to understand the implementation of more active, innovative, and meaningful PAI instruction. The results indicate that the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach is a learning model that connects content to real-life situations, thereby making students more active, independent, and capable of critical thinking. In Islamic Education, CTL is relevant for addressing monotonous learning because it helps students understand and practice Islamic values in their daily lives. Although its implementation requires more time and the teacher’s ability to manage the classroom, CTL is capable of creating learning that is more meaningful, innovative, and contextual.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gerry Mandala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Communication Distortion between Mothers and Adult Children in a Cross-Cultural Counseling Perspective: Analysis of the Transactional Counseling Model on Solitary Behavior in the Elderly
This study aims to describe communication distortions between mothers and adult children from a cross-cultural counseling perspective and to analyze solitary behavior in the elderly based on the Transactional Counseling model. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach on a 72-year-old woman with the initials S who experienced a prolonged conflict with her daughter. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results indicate that family conflict occurs due to communication misunderstandings influenced by generational differences, the child's emotional state, one-way communication patterns, and family cultural values ​​that emphasize advice and harmony. This communication distortion results in a strained mother-child relationship, decreased interaction with grandchildren, and the emergence of solitary behavior, loneliness, and emotional distress in the client. Based on the Transactional Counseling analysis, the imbalance of the Parent, Adult, and Child ego states in family interactions is a significant factor that exacerbates the conflict. Therefore, cross-cultural counseling with a neutral, empathetic approach oriented toward understanding the meaning of communication is essential to help restore family relationships and the psychological well-being of the elderly.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nopi Nopita Sari, Fadhilla Yusri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Results of the Distance Learning System on Teacher Learning Planning in Elementary Schools: A Literature Review
The rapid transition to distance learning during and after the pandemic fundamentally transformed how elementary school teachers approach instructional planning. This literature review examines studies published between 2020 and 2026 to evaluate the impact of digital learning environments on teachers' lesson planning practices, instructional design quality, and associated challenges. Through thematic analysis of selected scholarly sources, the review explores planning adaptations, technological integration, learning loss, and infrastructure disparities in primary education contexts. Findings reveal that distance learning necessitated a shift from traditional, linear planning to flexible, modular instructional designs that prioritize asynchronous delivery, differentiated content, and enhanced parental involvement. While digitally optimized planning correlated with improved student engagement and achievement, widespread implementation was hindered by uneven digital literacy, inadequate technological infrastructure, and significant socio-academic learning loss. The review underscores the critical need for sustained professional development, equitable resource distribution, and intentional blended learning frameworks. Ultimately, elementary education must transition from emergency remote responses to pedagogically grounded, resilient planning models that leverage digital tools while preserving the developmental and relational core of early childhood learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Nazar Syaqdiyah, Marliyana Marliyana, Winda Herlina, Miftahul Jannah, Muhammad Fery Ferdiansyah, Refaldo Agustira https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Behavioral Analysis and Culturally Aware Counseling Strategies for Female Students Experiencing Social Adaptation Difficulties
This study aims to analyze the problems experienced by female students in social adaptation due to differences in language and culture and to examine culturally aware counseling strategies used to address these challenges. A qualitative approach with a descriptive research design was employed. The participant was a 20-year-old female student with the initials S from Pasaman who is currently studying in Bukittinggi. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews and analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed barriers to cross-cultural communication, difficulties in social adjustment, low self-confidence, communication anxiety, the need for social acceptance, and cultural and language differences. Contributing factors included differences in linguistic background, lack of preparedness for a new environment, limited cross-cultural experience, negative self-perceptions, insufficient support, and less inclusive communication patterns. Culturally aware counseling strategies, including Self-Counseling (KONSELF), Behavioral Counseling (KONBE), and Pancawaskita Counseling, helped enhance self-acceptance, confidence, communication skills, and healthy adaptation while preserving cultural identity. The study highlights the importance of counselors’ cultural sensitivity and supportive environments in achieving successful cross-cultural counseling.
Copyright (c) 2026 Violla Wulandari, Fadhilla Yusri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring The Students' Grammatical Errors In Speaking English
This research aims to reveal the types of grammatical and the causes of errors made by the students in speaking performances in first-year students from Terang Bangsa University. It is necessary to identify, classify and describe the grammatical errors in order to build the students’ awareness in using english strucres and rules. This research used qualitative descriptive. The results of this research shown there were five types of grammatical errors in their speaking performances such as Omission, Overgeneralization, Misformation, Misordering and Addition. The most common errors were made by the students were The error in Omission that got the highest value which was 192 errors (57,8%) and it was caused by the first language and carelessness of the students. Next is Over-Generalization that got 63 errors (18,98%) caused by the students’ first language and overgeneralization. Then, followed by Misordering that got 31 errors (9,35%) caused by carelessness and the students’ first language and last is Addition and Misformation that got the same number of errors which were 23 errors (6,93%). The errors made by the students were caused by the intralingual error such as omission, overgeneralization and misformation in the category of verb, noun, conjunction, pronoun and preposition. In addition, the interlingual errors were misordering and addition. They were errors of overuse of preposition and incorrect word order, which based on their first language transfer. It is suggested that The teachers should use this result in order to develop a program to improve the students’ grammar skills in varies aspects. Teachers should also provide the environment so that the students might feel comfortable to speak English in the classroom.
Copyright (c) 2026 Paulus Sainyakit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tindak Pidana Terorisme dalam Perspektif Hukum Internasional dan Hukum Nasional
Terrorism is an extraordinary crime that threatens national and international security because it causes casualties, material losses, and disturbances to state stability. This research aims to analyze the definition of terrorism from the perspective of islamic, international, and national law, find out the history of the formation of anti-terrorism regulations in indonesia, and examine the form of sanctions against perpetrators of terrorism crimes. The research method used is normative juridical law research with a statutory approach, a case approach, and a comparative approach. Data was obtained through literature studies in the form of laws and regulations, books, journals, and other relevant legal sources. The results of the study show that in islamic law, terrorism can be categorized as jarīmah ḥirābah, which is an act that poses a threat and disturbance to public security. In international and national law, terrorism is understood as an act of violence or threat of violence aimed at creating widespread fear and disturbing public order. The establishment of anti-terrorism regulations in indonesia was influenced by the development of global terrorism, which then gave birth to law number 15 of 2003 and strengthened by law number 9 of 2013 concerning the prevention and eradication of terrorism financing. Sanctions against perpetrators include imprisonment, fines, asset blocking, asset forfeiture, and sanctions against the corporations involved. In addition to enforcement, the indonesian legal system also prioritizes prevention efforts through the supervision of financial transactions and inter-agency cooperation. Thus, the eradication of terrorism requires a comprehensive legal approach to ensure state security and the protection of the public.
Copyright (c) 2026 Isti Qomahnur Ananda, Nurpadila Nurpadila, Putri Rahmi Harahap, Aulia Rahmah Batubara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Guru Paud dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini
. Language skills are an important aspect of early childhood development, contributing to communication and social interaction. Early childhood education (PAUD) teachers play a strategic role in stimulating and developing children's language skills through various creative and interactive learning methods. This study aims to analyze the role of PAUD teachers in developing early childhood language skills. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were teachers and early childhood education (PAUD) institutions. The results showed that teachers act as facilitators, motivators, and guides in the language learning process. Teachers use various strategies such as storytelling, singing, and role-playing to improve children's language skills. In addition, a conducive learning environment also supports optimal language development in children. Thus, the role of PAUD teachers is crucial in developing early childhood language skills. Teachers who are professional, creative, and responsive to children's needs will be able to create an effective and enjoyable learning process. Therefore, improving teacher quality and supporting a conducive environment are crucial in efforts to optimize early childhood language development as a foundation for further development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shadilla Shadilla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hakikat Pencari Ilmu dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam: Integrasi Niat, Adab, Mujahadah, dan Tawakal dalam Proses Pembelajaran
This study aims to examine the essence of the seeker of knowledge (ṭālib al-‘ilm) from the perspective of Islamic education through the integration of four main concepts: intention (niyyah), ethics (adab), perseverance (mujahadah), and trust in God (tawakal). The study is motivated by the tendency of modern education to emphasize cognitive achievement and academic performance while often neglecting the spiritual, moral, and character-building dimensions of learners. This condition contributes to various moral issues and character crises among students. The research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from primary sources, including the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical Islamic educational works such as Ta’lim al-Muta’allim and Ihya’ Ulumuddin, supported by relevant books and scholarly journals as secondary sources. Data analysis was conducted through content analysis involving data reduction, categorization, interpretation, and synthesis. The findings reveal that a seeker of knowledge in Islam is an individual who undergoes a holistic process of self-development. Intention serves as the spiritual foundation that directs learning objectives, ethics functions as a moral guideline, perseverance reflects dedication in the pursuit of knowledge, and trust in God represents reliance upon Allah after exerting maximum effort. The integration of these four values is highly relevant to modern education in fostering intellectually competent, morally upright, and spiritually resilient generations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Thoif, Hasruddsin Dute, Mirza A`yunil Laili, Ahmad Buchori, Anco Anco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Advokasi dan Perlindungan Anak di PAUD Hubbul Wathon Sei Berombang
This study aims to analyze the implementation of child advocacy and protection at Hubbul Wathon Sei Berombang Early Childhood Education (PAUD) as an effort to create a safe, comfortable, and child-friendly educational environment. Child protection in Early Childhood Education (PAUD) institutions is a crucial aspect in supporting optimal child growth and development, particularly in addressing various forms of violence, discrimination, neglect, and violations of children's rights in the educational environment. This study used a qualitative approach with field study methods. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation with the principal, teachers, parents, and students. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of child advocacy and protection at Hubbul Wathon Sei Berombang PAUD is carried out through several strategies, namely: (1) implementing child-friendly school policies; (2) supervising and mentoring students; (3) active communication between teachers and parents; (4) instilling moral and religious values; and (5) providing education on children's rights to the entire school community. Furthermore, the institution also strives to prevent violence and bullying through persuasive approaches and character development for children. However, this study identified several obstacles, such as limited parental understanding of child protection, minimal supporting facilities, and suboptimal collaboration with external parties related to child protection. This study concluded that child advocacy and protection at the Hubbul Wathon Sei Berombang PAUD has been running quite well, but still requires strengthening in terms of socialization, collaboration between parties, and the development of sustainable child protection programs. This research is expected to serve as a reference for PAUD institutions in improving the quality of child protection in educational settings.
Problematika Pembuktian Digital dalam Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Siber di Indonesia
The development of information and communication technology has accelerated digital transformation, but it has also led to increasingly complex cybercrimes. The characteristics of cybercrime—anonymity, cross-jurisdictional nature, and reliance on electronic systems—make evidentiary processes a major challenge in criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. In this context, electronic evidence and digital forensics play a crucial role in uncovering crimes and linking perpetrators to criminal acts. Although electronic information and documents have been legally recognized as evidence under the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions, their implementation still faces various challenges. This study aims to analyze the legal framework of digital evidence, identify existing obstacles, and formulate strategies to optimize digital proof systems in criminal law enforcement. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings reveal key challenges, including the volatility of electronic evidence, limited human resources and digital forensic infrastructure, lack of standardized procedures, difficulties in obtaining data from electronic service providers, and jurisdictional barriers due to the transnational nature of cybercrime. Additionally, differing interpretations among law enforcement officers regarding the validity and integrity of electronic evidence remain an issue. To address these challenges, efforts are needed to strengthen regulations, enhance institutional capacity, standardize digital forensic practices, improve inter-agency coordination, and expand international cooperation
Copyright (c) 2026 Eka Fitri Lestari, Rahmayanti Rahmayanti, Donly Calner Aruan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengelolaan Aktivitas Menghafal dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Hafalan Al-Qur'an pada Santri Pekerja di Pesantren Tahfiz Alif Tangerang Selatan
This study investigates the management of Qur’an memorization among working students at Alif Tahfiz Boarding School, South Tangerang. The research addresses challenges commonly faced by working students, including limited time, physical fatigue, and inadequate memorization management strategies. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a phenomenological model, data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion verification. The findings reveal that memorization management is implemented through systematic planning, execution, and evaluation under the guidance of a musyrifah. The quality of students’ memorization has improved, particularly in fluency, tajwid accuracy, and consistency in muraja’ah. However, obstacles such as time constraints, fatigue, and weak personal management remain significant challenges. Supporting factors include intensive mentoring, a conducive boarding school environment, and strong spiritual motivation. The study concludes that adaptive memorization management strategies can enhance the quality of Qur’an memorization among working students. Strengthening time management skills, providing adequate learning facilities, and developing flexible memorization methods are recommended to optimize tahfiz learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Evi Maulida Sari, Akhmad Shunhaji, Agus Tasbih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Metode Pembelajaran TGT dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran PAI di SMPN 9 Pasuruan
This study is motivated by the low level of student participation in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at SMPN 9 Pasuruan, which affects the effectiveness of the learning process and outcomes. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning method in improving student participation. This research employs a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest control group model. The subjects consist of two classes: an experimental class applying the TGT method and a control class using conventional teaching methods. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The results indicate a significant improvement in student participation in the class using the TGT method compared to the control class. This is reflected in increased student engagement in asking questions, responding, discussing, and actively participating in learning activities. The implication of this study suggests that the TGT method can serve as an effective alternative teaching strategy to enhance student participation, particularly in PAI subjects at the junior high school level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nisyyah Khoirotul Ilmiah, Vernisa Okta Ramadhani, Shonia Tita Amelina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tugas Room Attendant pada Pembersihan Kamar di Hotel 88 Kedungsari Surabaya
This study aims to analyze the duties of room attendants in the room cleaning process at Hotel 88 Kedungsari Surabaya, including work procedures, the implementation of cleanliness standards, challenges encountered, and the role of training and supervision in improving service quality and overall guest satisfaction. This research employs a qualitative method with a direct observation approach. The findings indicate that the duties of room attendants are carried out through systematic work stages, starting from preparation, cleaning, to final inspection and worksheet completion as a work control tool. The implementation of strict cleanliness standards is a key factor in maintaining room quality and guest comfort. Despite various challenges such as time constraints, room conditions, and physical fatigue, room attendants are able to perform their duties professionally through effective work management. Furthermore, the role of room attendants is crucial in enhancing guest satisfaction, supported by continuous training and supervision. Therefore, the quality of room attendants’ performance significantly contributes to the image and service quality of the hotel.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ikbal Maulana, Reno Aditya Prastyo, Sudono Noto Pradono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tugas Night Auditor di Hotel 88 Embong Kenongo Surabaya
The purpose of this study is to analyze in depth the implementation of night auditor duties at Hotel 88 Embong Kenongo, including job descriptions, audit and data verification processes, roles in guest services, challenges encountered along with handling efforts, and the importance of competence and work readiness in supporting smooth hotel operations. This study employs a qualitative method with a direct observation approach. The findings indicate that the night auditor plays a crucial role in supporting hotel operations, particularly during nighttime. The responsibilities are not limited to auditing and financial data verification but also include guest service and handling various situations that arise. Night auditors are required to have accuracy, communication skills, and strong physical and mental readiness. Various challenges such as limited staff, data errors, and technical issues can be addressed through coordination, repeated checking, and competency improvement. Therefore, the role of the night auditor is key in maintaining the accuracy of reports and the quality of hotel services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ajeng Puspa Devi, Diva Nabila Putri, Galang Arjuna, Riris Yuniarsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penanganan Komplain untuk Meningkatkan Kepuasan Pelanggan di Restoran Stjerne Dining Brew Surabaya
The purpose of this study is to analyze the handling complaint process, identify complaint resolution strategies, evaluate their impact on customer satisfaction, examine the challenges faced, and assess the role of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in improving the effectiveness of penanganan komplain to support service quality and customer loyalty at Stjerne Dining Brew Surabaya. This study employs a qualitative method with a direct observation approach at Stjerne Dining Brew Surabaya. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation of penanganan komplain has been fairly effective through a systematic process, starting from listening to complaints, showing empathy, to follow-up actions. Flexible, prompt, and customer-oriented complaint resolution strategies are able to increase satisfaction and build customer loyalty. Positive impacts are reflected in increased trust, perceived service quality, and positive word of mouth. However, there are still challenges such as limited employee authority, team coordination, and work pressure. The role of SOP is very important in maintaining service consistency, although it needs to be supported by continuous training. Overall handling complaint becomes a strategic factor in improving
Copyright (c) 2026 Dea Devina, Ferizal Deddy Renaldy, Putri Krisma Salsabila, Wiwin Wachidyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrasi Zuhud Nabi dalam Konteks Modern
This research aims to explore the essence of zuhud, the practices of Prophet Muhammad PBUH as a role model, and its integration into modern life. In the modern era, humans often face spiritual emptiness and psychological pressure due to rapid technological advancement and materialism. The influence of media and advertising shapes a consumptive lifestyle, often portraying luxury as the sole measure of success, thereby diminishing the awareness of inner peace. Many societies identify success only through material wealth, causing the value of simplicity to lose its place and triggering the pursuit of personal interests without social responsibility. Technological progress presents its own challenges in practicing zuhud due to the intensifying flow of materialism. By understanding the integration of the Prophet's zuhud in a modern context, it is expected that humans, particularly Muslims, can wisely navigate modernity and technological developments to avoid materialism. Using a qualitative approach focusing on Sufism literature, the results indicate that zuhud is not merely about abandoning the world, but rather detaching the heart from worldly greed while maintaining productivity. The life of the Prophet proves that zuhud is a conscious choice to live simply despite having access to wealth. In a contemporary context, zuhud functions as a spiritual solution to counter individualism and consumerism, encouraging a life of qona’ah (contentment), social generosity, and constant dhikr. The implementation of zuhud enables individuals to maintain psychological stability and spiritual proximity to Allah SWT amidst global changes. It can be concluded that zuhud serves as an alternative to fill the spiritual void caused by rapid technological development and materialistic ideologies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Restu Kurniawan, Gazali Gazali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Anteseden Jiwa Kepemimpinan dan Tanggung Jawab Siswa dalam Kegiatan Pramuka : Analisis Penyelenggaraan Kegiatan Pramuka pada Sekolah Dasar
Character education is a fundamental foundation in developing high-quality human resources, particularly in fostering leadership spirit and responsibility. However, in reality, the leadership spirit and responsibility of students at Elementary School X are still not optimal. Therefore, the school, through scouting (Pramuka) activities, seeks to improve character education in these aspects. This study aims to analyze the effect of scouting activities on students’ leadership spirit and responsibility at Elementary School X. This research employs a quantitative method with a causal approach. The population consists of students at Elementary School X. The sample size was determined using the Hair et al. (2014) formula; with 14 indicators, a total of 60 students were selected as the sample. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that scouting activities have a significant positive effect on students’ leadership spirit and responsibility. Therefore, scouting activities can be considered an effective character education strategy in developing leadership spirit and responsibility among elementary school students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Wahyuni, Denny Puspa, Halim Sugeng, Satrio Budiyanto, Achmad Daengs GS https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan Kurikulum dengan Pendekatan Kurikulum Backward-Design
Curriculum development plays an essential role in improving the quality of education as it serves as a guideline for the implementation of teaching and learning processes. One of the approaches that can be applied in curriculum development is Backward Design, developed by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe. This approach places the desired learning outcomes as the starting point of instructional planning, followed by the determination of assessment methods and the design of appropriate learning activities. This study aims to describe the concept of Backward Design, its stages of development, its advantages and challenges, as well as its relevance to Christian Religious Education. The study employs a library research method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the analysis of books, journals, and other relevant scholarly sources. The findings indicate that Backward Design creates alignment between learning objectives, assessment, and instructional activities, resulting in a more focused and meaningful learning process. Furthermore, this approach promotes deep understanding, authentic assessment practices, and the development of students’ critical thinking skills. In the context of Christian Religious Education, Backward Design is highly relevant in helping teachers design learning experiences that foster faith development, character formation, and the application of Christian values in daily life. Therefore, Backward Design can serve as an effective alternative for curriculum development and the enhancement of educational quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Martina Labora nainggolan, Yusniarti Situmorang, Justice Z Panggabean https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Meningkatkan Potensi Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar
This research is motivated by the fact that the development of student potential can be addressed through educational activities in schools. Education itself can be defined as a life process aimed at developing a person's full potential—both cognitive, emotional, and psychological—so that they become fully educated individuals. The main objective of this research is to determine how the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum improves student potential at the elementary school level. To achieve this objective, this research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analytical method through a literature review. The data collection process involves library research activities, including collecting relevant references, reading, recording, reviewing, and processing various research materials related to curriculum implementation and student potential development. The results show that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum requires learning objectives that guide students to develop critical thinking skills in solving problems. In addition, students are encouraged to become creative and innovative learners, possess good communication and collaboration skills, and develop strong character values. Therefore, the Merdeka Curriculum can support more meaningful, flexible, and student-centered learning at schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Intania Riju Osesa, Aisyah Hafizhah Ramadhani, Elfia Sukma, Inggria Kharisma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implikasi Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Terhadap Pembaruan Politik Hukum Pidana Di Indonesia
The reform of Indonesia’s national criminal law through the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code (KUHP) represents a strategic effort to establish a legal system aligned with Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, and societal developments. The new KUHP marks the end of the long-standing influence of the Dutch colonial criminal code and reflects a new direction in criminal law policy emphasizing the balance between legal certainty, justice, and utility. This study aims to analyze the implications of the new KUHP on the reform of Indonesia’s criminal law policy and to examine the challenges in its implementation. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that the new KUHP introduces fundamental changes, including the strengthening of a modern legality principle, recognition of living law, the development of restorative justice, reformulation of sentencing systems, and enhanced corporate criminal liability. Furthermore, it reflects efforts toward decolonizing criminal law and creating a more adaptive legal system in response to social, cultural, and technological changes. However, its implementation faces challenges such as regulatory harmonization, law enforcement readiness, public understanding, and potential differences in interpreting new legal norms. Therefore, strong synergy among the government, law enforcement agencies, academics, and society is essential to ensure effective and just criminal law reform.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eka Fitri Lestari, Donly Calner Aruan, Meina Alvionita br Purba, Ismaidar Ismaidar, Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Pendidikan Berbasis Teknologi sebagai Implementasi SDGs 4 di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Technology-based educational transformation has become an important strategy for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4, which emphasizes inclusive, equitable, and Quality Education for all in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and digital society. The integration of technology into educational systems is increasingly recognized as a key driver for improving learning outcomes, expanding educational opportunities, and fostering innovation in teaching and learning processes. This study aims to analyze the role of technology in enhancing educational quality and to identify the challenges associated with its implementation. The research employed a literature review approach by examining and synthesizing findings from relevant scientific journals, books, and policy documents. The findings indicate that technologies such as Learning Management Systems (LMS), online learning platforms, digital learning media, and Artificial intelligence (AI) can significantly improve learning effectiveness, support personalized learning experiences, increase accessibility, and promote lifelong learning. Furthermore, technology enables greater flexibility in educational delivery and facilitates collaboration among learners and educators. However, several challenges remain, including unequal digital infrastructure, limited digital literacy and competencies among stakeholders, and socioeconomic disparities that affect access to technology. Therefore, collaboration among governments, educational institutions, educators, students, and communities is essential to strengthen digital infrastructure, improve digital competencies, and develop adaptive educational systems. Technology-based educational transformation can serve as a strategic pathway toward achieving Quality Education and supporting the realization of SDG 4.
Copyright (c) 2026 Selpi Amanda Fadillah, Dian Misdiyana, Agus Pramono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Resiliensi Akademik Tanpa Regulasi Emosi? Eviden dari Mahasiswa Baru Fisioterapi
The transition from secondary education to higher education requires first-year students to adapt to various academic and psychological challenges. Within the context of health education, which is characterized by demanding academic workloads and professional expectations, academic resilience and emotion regulation are considered important factors in facilitating successful adaptation. This study aimed to explore the levels of academic resilience and emotion regulation difficulties, as well as the relationship between these variables among first-year physiotherapy students. A quantitative descriptive-correlational design was employed involving 17 first-year physiotherapy students at the Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Academic Resilience Scale-6 (ARS-6) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that most participants demonstrated a high level of academic resilience (65%), while the majority reported a moderate level of emotion regulation difficulties (71%). Furthermore, the correlation analysis indicated no significant relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and academic resilience (r = .133, p = .611). These findings suggest that first-year physiotherapy students’ ability to cope with academic demands is not directly associated with their difficulties in regulating emotions. The results further imply that academic resilience during the early stage of university study may be influenced by other factors, such as motivation, social support, and contextual academic demands. Therefore, student support programs should not focus solely on emotional aspects but should also strengthen other protective factors that contribute to academic adaptation and success among health students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Atik Ulinuha, Setyani Alfinuha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Navigasi Kognitif: Menggali Kemampuan Awal Peserta Didik melalui Lensa Neuroedukasi
This research attempts to reconstruct the understanding of learners' initial abilities through a neuroeducation approach a multidisciplanary field that blends neuroscience, psycholog, and education. Traditionally, initial abilities are often measured solely through static cognitive pre-test scores. However, through the lens of neuroeducation, initial abilities are viewed as dynamic synaptic networks and cognitive maps already formed in the learners' brains. This article explores how the concepts of neuroplasticity and cognitive load participate in the assimilation of new information based on existing knowledge. Using a strategy for studying literature, the outcome of the results of the review suggest that proper cognitive navigation, which takes into account the readiness of neural circuits and emotional engagement can prevent learning barriers and accelerate the formation of long-term memory. These findings recommend that educators shift from conventional diagnostic assessments to a more holistic and brain-based mapping of initial abilities to create truly personalized and meaningful learning
Copyright (c) 2026 A. Hilwa Syauqy Mazidah, Dwi Tantri Indrajita, M. Yunus Abu Bakar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Project-Based Learning Model on Student Creativity in Learning Design: A Literature Review
Creativity has emerged as a critical competency for higher education graduates navigating the demands of Society 5.0 and increasingly automated labor markets. This literature review examines the influence of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on student creativity within instructional design contexts, synthesizing contemporary scholarly discourse from 2020 to 2026. Employing a narrative-integrative approach, literature was systematically retrieved and analyzed from Google Scholar using targeted Boolean search strategies. Findings indicate that PjBL significantly enhances multidimensional creativity, particularly fluency and flexibility, while originality and elaboration depend heavily on deliberate instructional scaffolding. Instructional design functions as a critical mediating architecture, where constructive alignment, iterative feedback loops, and formative assessment protocols transform open-ended projects into structured creativity incubation environments. However, intervention effectiveness remains contingent upon institutional infrastructure, faculty pedagogical readiness, and equitable digital access. The review concludes that PjBL’s creative potential is maximized only when pedagogical intent is rigorously operationalized through evidence-based design frameworks. Recommendations emphasize longitudinal tracking, standardized creativity metrics, targeted faculty development, and ethical AI integration. This synthesis provides actionable insights for curriculum designers and educators seeking to systematically cultivate creative competencies in alignment with future workforce demands.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rati Andilah, Tifaldi Akbar, Suci Ramadon, Ripi Apandi, Rando Wijaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kesadaran Pendidikan Orang Tua Pemulung dalam Mendukung Motivasi Belajar Anak di Sekolah Islam Impian
This study aims to analyze the educational awareness of scavenger parents in supporting their children's learning motivation at Sekolah Islam Impian, a free school for children from marginalized families. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study method. The participants included the principal, teachers, scavenger parents, and students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation and analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model. The findings indicate that scavenger parents have a strong awareness of the importance of education as a means of improving their children's future quality of life. This awareness is reflected in the provision of motivation, attention, and support for children's learning activities. Despite economic limitations, parents continue to encourage their children to attend school and pursue their aspirations. Furthermore, Sekolah Islam Impian plays an important role in strengthening parents' educational awareness through continuous communication and guidance. The study concludes that parental educational awareness and the synergy between families and schools contribute significantly to enhancing the learning motivation of children from marginalized backgrounds.
Copyright (c) 2026 Febriansa Febriansa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Budaya Konsumsi Mahasiswa di Era Cashless Society
The development of digital technology has driven the emergence of a cashless society era that transforms how people transact, including among university students. The use of e-wallets such as GoPay, Dana, ShopeePay, and SeaBank is increasingly widespread on campuses, yet in-depth studies on their impact on student consumption culture from a cultural sociology perspective remain limited. This study aims to describe the transformation of student consumption culture at the University of Jember through e-wallet usage in the cashless society era. A qualitative phenomenological method was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with 8 informants from various faculties and semesters selected via purposive sampling, supplemented by observation and documentation. Data analysis followed the Miles & Huberman interactive model. The results reveal three main findings: (1) e-wallets have altered student consumption patterns through increased transaction frequency and the emergence of new expenditure categories, particularly food delivery and online shopping; (2) e-wallets have transformed in meaning from a mere transaction tool to a marker of social identity and modernity; and (3) the socio-cultural impacts include changes in group payment dynamics, reinforcement of consumerist behavior through promo and cashback features, and a decline in students’ financial awareness. This study concludes that the transformation of student consumption culture in the cashless society era coincides with the formation of a new digital habitus that shapes social relations on campus.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diva Nabilla, Alifiyah Jihan Fadilah, Salma Nur Azizha, Naufal Desta Putra Ismail https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Teologi Pembebasan dalam Pendidikan: Peran YES Academy dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris bagi Anak-anak Desa Aek Raja
This research aims to analyze the implementation of Liberation Theology principles in free education services provided by YES Academy (YA) in Aek Raja Village, Parmonangan District, North Tapanuli Regency. The main problem identified was parents' economic limitations which resulted in village children not being able to attend additional education outside of school, so that their English skills lagged behind those of students from urban areas. YA exists as a real form of faith practice by providing free English education for around 85 students, served by a team of 7 teachers. The research methodology uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies, through interviews, observations and documentation studies. The research results show that YA not only improves students' academic abilities, but also becomes a means of communication and social empowerment for village residents. The discussion emphasized that YA's steps are in line with the principle of preferential option for the poor in Liberation Theology, where education is seen as an instrument of social transformation that is able to reduce structural injustice and bring justice to marginalized groups. This research concludes that YA functions as a liberating agent that lives out the prophetic spirit of the church, while providing a contextual educational model that is relevant to village communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiffany Brame, Frenty Sariyati, Rencan Carisma Marbun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keabsahan Akta Elektronik dalam Perspektif Hukum Kenotariatan dan Keadaan Memaksa
The rapid development of information technology has driven transformation across various sectors, including notarial practices through digitalization and the concept of cyber notary. However, the existence of electronic deeds within the Indonesian legal system continues to raise issues regarding their legal validity, particularly in relation to the formal requirements for authentic deeds. This study aims to analyze the possibility of executing electronic deeds from the perspective of notarial law and to examine whether force majeure (overmacht), such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can serve as a legal justification for such practices. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that, normatively, electronic deeds are not yet fully accommodated under Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position, which still requires the physical presence of the parties before a notary as an essential element of authenticity. Although Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions recognizes electronic documents as valid legal evidence, such recognition does not automatically grant electronic deeds the status of authentic deeds within the notarial framework. Furthermore, force majeure conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic cannot be used as a legal basis to override formal legal requirements, but rather function as a justification for the inability to fulfill certain legal obligations. Therefore, regulatory reform is necessary to accommodate technological advancements while maintaining the principles of prudence and legal certainty in notarial practice, particularly in addressing extraordinary circumstances in the future.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagus Eko Tri Cahyono, Nuzulia Kumala Sari, Moh. Ali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis AI Notebooklm pada Materi Teks Argumentasi: Berdasarkan Analisis Kebutuhan Siswa dan Guru pada Kelas IX SMP Negeri 4 Medan
The low interest and engagement of students in Indonesian language learning, particularly in argumentative text material, represents a fundamental issue that needs to be addressed through innovative learning media. This study aims to design an artificial intelligence (AI) based learning media using the NotebookLM platform for argumentative text material targeting ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 4 Medan. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, limited to the first three stages: analysis, design, and development. Data were collected through interviews with Indonesian language teachers and students to identify actual learning needs. The needs analysis revealed that students desired more varied, visual, and interactive learning experiences, while teachers continued to rely on conventional methods with minimal use of digital technology. Based on these findings, learning media were designed utilizing five main features of NotebookLM: infographics, presentation slides, concept maps, interactive quizzes, and flashcards. The resulting prototype was subsequently revised based on supervisor feedback, producing media that is more systematic, visually appropriate, and aligned with student needs. This study demonstrates that NotebookLM holds significant potential as an AI based alternative learning medium for Indonesian language instruction, capable of supporting more active, interactive, and student-centered learning at the junior high school level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bonika Alprianta Sari Hulu, Dimas Bayu Kumbara, Dwi Ananda Putri, Faza Najmul Pasha, Friclia Dhea Lova Siagian, Gabriella Secilia Silitonga, Sarah Meutia, Ulyanti Pandiangan, Tri Indah Prasasti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Bimbingan Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Siswa Tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA)
The increasing demands of education in the modern era have necessitated various efforts to help students achieve optimal academic results. One widely utilized form of support is tutoring, an educational service that provides additional guidance to help students overcome academic challenges and strengthen their understanding of subject matter. The primary objective of this study was to examine the contribution of tutoring to the educational outcomes of high school students using a literature review approach. Data were drawn from ten relevant scientific journals published in various academic sources. All literature was selected based on topic relevance and then analyzed through a process of review, comparison of findings, and synthesis to obtain a comprehensive picture. The study results indicate that tutoring plays a positive role in improving student learning outcomes. Through the provision of additional materials, targeted practice, and more intensive mentoring, students have the opportunity to understand learning concepts more deeply. In addition to impacting academic achievement, tutoring also supports increased motivation, independence, and more effective learning strategies. Other findings indicate that the use of digital technology expands access to learning and increases the flexibility of the learning process. The effectiveness of this program is also influenced by supporting factors, such as learning discipline, time management skills, the learning environment, and family support. Therefore, tutoring can be an effective alternative in supporting the improvement of high school students' learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anggraini Novita Sari, Didit Darmawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tanggung Jawab Hukum atas Kejahatan Siber yang Melibatkan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence di Indonesia
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has fundamentally transformed the landscape of cybercrime in Indonesia by giving rise to various forms of digital offenses that have not been adequately accommodated within the existing legal framework. This study aims to examine the legal regulation of AI-based cybercrime in Indonesia and the legal liability framework applicable to developers, operators, and users when AI systems are utilized to commit criminal acts. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through the analysis of primary legal materials, including the Law on Electronic Information and Transactions and its amendments, as well as Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection. The findings reveal a significant normative gap, as Indonesia's cybercrime legislation has not been designed to accommodate the autonomous behavior of AI systems. This study concludes that Indonesia requires a dedicated AI governance framework that explicitly regulates the distribution of criminal and civil liability across the AI value chain in order to ensure legal certainty in addressing AI-based cybercrime
Copyright (c) 2026 Haris Habibi, Suci Ramadani, Rahmayanti Rahmayanti, Khairuddin Siregar, Jhoni Muda Pratama Barus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Survei Tingkat Minat terhadap Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka pada Siswa SMP Negeri
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of student interest in extracurricular Scouting activities at SMP Negeri 30 Malang City. This study used a survey given to 31 students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics methods that display percentages. The survey results showed that students have a very positive interest and perception of extracurricular Scouting activities. 92% of respondents agreed that Scouting activities at school are voluntary. 93% of students agreed that Scouting participants are more disciplined than students who do not participate in these activities. All respondents (100%) agreed that Scouting teaches perseverance, independence, simple living, and is able to shape and change students' character for the better. In addition, 100% of respondents disagreed that Scouting activities are boring, and 74% disagreed that they are tiring. 90.4% of students also stated that Scouting activities are mandatory at school. When asked about the possibility of not holding Scouting activities at school, all respondents expressed a negative or disagree attitude, indicating that they consider it important to continue implementing these activities. The research results show that students at SMP Negeri 30 Malang City have a high level of interest in Scouting extracurricular activities. They view Scouting as beneficial for building character, improving discipline, fostering independence, and instilling positive values ​​in their daily lives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Trinovandhi Setyawan , Achmad Afandi, Paulus Rah Adi Pawitra, Yusvidha Ernata, Winarno Winarno https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Program Kekasih Hati (Keluarga Asuh Balita Stunting) dalam Penanganan dan Pencegahan Stunting di Kelurahan Sindangrasa Kec. Ciamis Kab. Ciamis
Stunting remains a significant public health issue that affects children’s physical growth, cognitive development, and the overall quality of future human resources. Sindangrasa Village, located in Ciamis District, Ciamis Regency, has implemented the “Kekasih Hati” Program (Foster Family for Stunted Toddlers) as a local initiative to address and prevent stunting. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the program’s implementation in reducing stunting rates in Sindangrasa Village. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving key informants engaged in the program’s implementation. Data analysis was conducted using Bormasa’s effectiveness theory, which includes six indicators: goal setting strategy, resource planning and utilization, performance-supportive environment, communication processes, leadership and decision-making, and adaptation and innovation. The findings indicate that the Kekasih Hati Program has not been optimally implemented. This is reflected in low public awareness regarding stunting prevention, limited budget allocation, insufficient program communication, and uneven community participation. Nevertheless, the program has shown positive outcomes, as the number of stunting cases decreased from 10 cases in June 2024 to 6 cases in September 2025. Therefore, strengthening continuous socialization, improving coordination, and optimizing resources are essential to enhance the program’s effectiveness in stunting prevention and management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fina Fina, Kiki Endah, Regi Refian Garis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) sebagai Hidden Curriculum dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) is a government policy aimed at improving the nutritional quality of students as part of human resource development. However, this program not only impacts health but also has educational dimensions that can shape students' personalities through a habit-forming process. This article aims to analyze the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) as a form of hidden curriculum from an Islamic learning perspective. This research uses a qualitative approach with library research methods through analysis of scientific literature, government policies, and Islamic learning concepts related to character building. The results show that the implementation of the MBG incorporates Islamic learning values such as discipline, responsibility, healthy living, simplicity, gratitude, and togetherness, which are internalized through students' daily activities. These values emerge as a form of hidden curriculum because they are not formally taught in the curriculum but are created through application and habituation throughout the program. From an Islamic education perspective, habituation is a crucial part of shaping students' morals and character. Therefore, the MBG Program can be understood not only as a nutritional fulfillment policy but also as a medium for character education based on Islamic values. This research confirms that social policy in the field of education has the ability to become an instrument for character formation through an indirect educational process.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sulviana Intan Maharani, Najmi Faza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Meditasi Vipassanā Bhāvanā dalam Pembinaan Spiritualitas Umat Buddha di Abhisamaya Forest Monastery
Vipassanā bhāvanā is one of the essential meditation practices in Theravāda Buddhism that aims to develop mindfulness, self-awareness, and wisdom by observing bodily and mental experiences directly. While many previous studies have focused on the psychological benefits of meditation, this study emphasizes the technical practice of vipassanā bhāvanā within a forest monastery setting. This research aims to describe how vipassanā bhāvanā meditation is implemented in fostering Buddhist spirituality at Abhisamaya Forest Monastery, Bukit Rebo, Sungailiat Bangka. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with two Buddhist monk meditation guides and nine meditation participants, non-participant observation during retreat activities, and documentation of institutional and field activities. The results show that vipassanā bhāvanā is practiced through a structured process involving mindfulness of breathing, sitting meditation, walking meditation, mental noting, noble silence, Dhamma talks, and meditation interviews. The implementation of this practice is supported by a conducive forest environment, the guidance of meditation teachers, disciplined schedules, and adequate facilities. Participants also experienced several obstacles, including bodily pain, drowsiness, wandering thoughts, mosquitoes, weather conditions, and uneven walking paths. The findings indicate that structured vipassanā practice in a forest monastery can support Buddhist spiritual development by strengthening self-awareness, inner calm, emotional regulation, and positive attitudes in daily life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Veni Veni, Marjianto Marjianto, Walyono Walyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Relevansi Pemikiran Al-Maturidi terhadap Penguatan Moderasi Beragama di Indonesia: Kajian Literatur
This study aims to analyze Al-Maturidi's theological thought and its relevance to strengthening religious moderation in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative approach through library research, data were collected from primary and secondary sources related to Al-Maturidi's theology and contemporary religious moderation, then analyzed using content analysis with a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings indicate that Al-Maturidi's thought emphasizes a harmonious balance between reason and revelation, tolerance, justice, respect for human rationality, and the firm rejection of religious extremism. These values conceptually align with the core principles of religious moderation in Indonesia, including national commitment, tolerance, non-violence, and respect for cultural diversity. The study concludes that Al-Maturidi's thought serves as a robust theological foundation for fostering moderate, inclusive, and harmonious religious life within Indonesia's pluralistic society. These findings are expected to provide a significant conceptual contribution to the development of moderate Islamic studies and practical strategies for strengthening religious moderation in the contemporary digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Miranda Anggraini, Sindi Junia, Vina Alia Azalira, Dita Aprilia, M. Nur Fadli, Hafizul Husni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Karakteristik Konten TikTok Merek Lokal untuk Generasi Z di Indonesia: Analisis Isi Kualitatif
This study examines TikTok content as a platform-native communication artifact shaped by brand strategy, platform logic, and Generation Z preferences. It adapts Munsch’s (2021) audience-perception model by shifting the analytical focus from audience responses to observable brand-generated content construction. Using qualitative content analysis supported by descriptive statistics, this study analyzes 69 TikTok posts, consisting of 64 videos and 5 photo/carousel posts from three Indonesian local brands, namely Somethinc, Scarlett Whitening, and Erigo, published from 1 to 15 May 2026. Seven communication elements were coded by two independent coders: compact format, viral music, humor, figure/creator/KOL presence, authenticity, informative message, and call-to-action. Intercoder reliability was strong across the six variable elements, with average Cohen’s Kappa and Krippendorff’s Alpha scores of 0.95. The analysis identifies three dominant content configurations: science-led educational content, figur/KOL-mediated community intimacy, and figur/KOL-led trend conversion. Humor emerges as the most strategic differentiator, supported by visual evidence from selected screenshots. The findings suggest that, within the observed corpus, the three brands do not rely on a single viral content formula. Instead, Indonesian local brands navigate algorithmic visibility through category-specific content construction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andhini Winariyanti, Ridha Handayani, Juni Alfiah Chusjairi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pemanfaatan Visualisasi 3D Berbasis Learning Stations untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keaktifan Murid Kelas III SD Muhammadiyah Argosari
This study was motivated by low student participation and learning outcomes among third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Argosari in learning landform materials. Previous instruction was mainly teacher-centered and relied on worksheets, causing passive behavior, limited engagement, and difficulty understanding abstract landform concepts. The study aimed to describe the implementation of 3D visualization media integrated with the Learning Stations model and analyze its impact on participation and learning outcomes. A descriptive approach combining quantitative and qualitative data was applied. The participants were 20 third-grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Argosari, Bantul Regency. Data were collected through observation, tests, questionnaires, and documentation. The results indicated that 3D visualization media combined with the Learning Stations model effectively improved student participation and learning outcomes. The average score increased from 66.55 in the pretest to 84.85 in the posttest, while learning mastery rose from 45% to 85%. Participation improved in enthusiasm, discussion, curiosity, and engagement during learning. In addition, 93% of students enjoyed the learning process. These findings show that this integration creates a more active, concrete, and enjoyable environment for elementary students to understand landform concepts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Haristuti Hanung Arifanny, Azzamul Fadhly Muhammad, Isti Nurhayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Paradoks Pembaruan Hukum Pidana terhadap Pengurangan Ancaman Pidana Minimum Tindak Pidana Korupsi dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana
Corruption has long been regarded as an extraordinary crime due to its extensive impact on state finances, the national economy, and public trust in government institutions. As part of Indonesia's commitment to combating corruption, Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes established relatively severe special minimum penalties, particularly under Article 2 paragraph (1). However, through Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, corruption offenses were reformulated under Articles 603 to 606, including changes to the minimum criminal sanctions for certain corruption offenses. This study aims to analyze the reformulation of corruption offenses in the Criminal Code and to examine the paradox arising from the reduction of minimum criminal penalties within Indonesia’s criminal law reform policy. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The data utilized are secondary legal materials collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that Article 603 of the Criminal Code substantially adopts the provisions of Article 2 paragraph (1) of Law Number 31 of 1999, while reducing the minimum imprisonment from four years to two years. This change reflects a new orientation emphasizing sentencing flexibility and individualization of punishment. Nevertheless, it also creates a paradox because the reduction applies to corruption, an offense that has long been classified as an extraordinary crime. Therefore, Indonesia’s criminal law reform continues to face challenges in balancing the modernization of the sentencing system with the consistency of anti-corruption policies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aswindari Harahap, Ismaidar Ismaidar, Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar, Alfonso Pahala Manihuruk, Bambang Agus Pariyono, Briski Viktor Sinaga, Derta Simbolon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perlindungan Finansial Istri dari Kepailitan Suami: Signifikansi Perjanjian Perkawinan Pasca Putusan MK No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015
A husband's bankruptcy carries serious legal consequences for joint marital property, whereby all joint assets are included in the bankruptcy estate under Article 64 paragraph (1) jo. Article 23 of Law Number 37 of 2004, placing the wife in a financially vulnerable position. This study aims to analyze the significance of marriage agreements following the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 as an instrument for the wife's financial protection from the husband's bankruptcy, examine its legal implications on the status of joint property in bankruptcy cases, and formulate an ideal legal construction for the wife's financial protection. This study employs a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings demonstrate that the Constitutional Court Decision holds fundamental significance as it opens opportunities for married couples without marriage agreements to establish asset separation agreements during the marriage, thereby protecting the wife's assets from the husband's bankruptcy estate. However, the effectiveness of such agreements is limited by requirements including notarial deed formalization, registration with authorized institutions, non-prejudice to third parties, and good faith. Agreements made to transfer assets solely to avoid bankruptcy may be declared null and void. Harmonization of regulations between marriage law, bankruptcy law, and Islamic family law, along with massive public socialization regarding the urgency of marriage agreements as preventive measures for family asset protection, is necessary.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ai Siti Nurbaitilah, Yudi Wahyudin, Abdul Kodir Alhamdani, Encum Sumirah, Sisca Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kewajiban Sertifikasi Halal pada Produk Obat dan Farmasi Pasca Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja: Pendekatan Hukum Positif dan Maqashid al-Syariah
Halal certification of pharmaceutical products in Indonesia faces complex challenges following the enactment of the Job Creation Law, which amended several provisions of Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance. This study aims to analyze the juridical problems of mandatory halal certification for pharmaceutical products and examine them within the framework of maqashid al-shariah. The method employed is normative legal research utilizing statute, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The findings reveal five fundamental juridical problems: regulatory disharmony creating overlapping authority between BPJPH and BPOM; the inappropriateness of the self-declare mechanism for pharmaceutical products requiring scientific verification; the absence of strict and proportional sanctions; limited institutional capacity; and the conflict between mandatory halal certification and the availability of essential medicines. From the maqashid al-shariah perspective, a conflict arises between hifdz al-din and hifdz al-nafs at the dharuriyyah level, resolved through the tarjih mechanism based on the principle of al-dharurat tubih al-mahzhurat. This study formulates an integrative legal construction encompassing a gradual approach, an assisted self-declare model, strengthened institutional coordination, a dharurah-based exception mechanism, and a progressive sanction system to achieve just and beneficial regulation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ganjar Nurfalah, Nema Widiantini, Desi Cahya Anggraeni, Yudi Wahyudin, Samsul Bahri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dinamika Ekosistem Bisnis Halal dan Perlindungan Konsumen: Analisis Implikasi Fatwa MUI No.83 Tahun 2023
This study examines the implications of MUI Fatwa No. 83 of 2023 on the halal business ecosystem and Muslim consumer protection in Indonesia. The fatwa, which contains a call to boycott Israel-affiliated products, has created new dynamics in the halal business ecosystem that transcend purely religious dimensions and fundamentally touch upon economic, legal, and consumer protection aspects. This study employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, through a literature study of relevant primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results reveal three main findings: first, MUI Fatwa No. 83 of 2023 holds a legal position as an Islamic legal instrument that is morally-religiously and sociologically binding, established through a collective ijtihad mechanism grounded in maqashid al-syariah; second, the fatwa creates multidimensional implications for the halal business ecosystem, including shifts in Muslim consumer preferences, declining revenues of affected multinational corporations, the emergence of digital-based cancel culture phenomena, while simultaneously opening strategic opportunities for local halal industry development; third, the fatwa provides multidimensional legal protection for Muslim consumers, complementing existing positive legal instruments namely Law No. 8 of 1999 and Law No. 33 of 2014, yet requires immediate regulatory harmonization to avoid legal uncertainty within the national halal certification ecosystem. This study recommends harmonization between Fatwa No. 83 of 2023 and the halal certification regulatory framework, strengthening digital halal information systems, and enhancing the capacity of local halal MSMEs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sulthon Muhammad Yusuf J, Yudi Wahyudin, Desi Cahya Anggraeni, Syahrial Syahrial, Syifa Febriana Nurul Wildain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Sejarah dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar
This study aims to evaluate the planning, implementation, and challenges of history education in the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum at Sukoharjo State Senior High School 2, as well as to contribute to the advancement of knowledge, particularly in the fields of history education and curriculum evaluation. This study is motivated by the importance of implementing the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum in improving the quality of history education, which is oriented not only toward knowledge acquisition but also toward the development of students’ character, competencies, and critical thinking skills in accordance with national educational goals.The research method used was qualitative descriptive to describe the phenomenon in depth. Data collection was conducted through interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, while data validity was tested using source triangulation to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the research. The research findings indicate that instructional planning is developed through Teaching Modules, Learning Objective Sequences (ATP), and Learning Outcomes (CP) that are integrated with the Pancasila Student Profile. The implementation of instruction encourages student engagement through discussions and group work to develop critical thinking skills, independence, and cooperation. The main challenges faced include limited instructional time and variations in student participation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Athanasius Agung Budi Aprilianto, Leo Agung Sutimin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pemerintahan Militer pada Masa Penjajahan Jepang di Palembang (1942-1945): Tinjauan Historis
This research examines the historical dynamics of the Japanese Empire's military occupation in Palembang from 1942 to 1945. The primary background of the Japanese invasion of Palembang was the strategic military interest in controlling petroleum resources, specifically the Plaju and Sungai Gerong Refineries, to fulfill the logistical demands of the Greater East Asia War. This study employs a literature review method with a historical approach to reconstruct past events systematically and objectively. The results highlight four key findings: (1) the transition of power occurred rapidly through Blitzkrieg tactics, paralyzing the Dutch East Indies defense; (2) the restructuring of the colonial bureaucracy into a fully military-oriented administration (Palembang Syu); (3) the implementation of a highly exploitative war economy through forced labor and the depletion of natural resources, which triggered immense suffering for the local people; and (4) the formation of the Giyugun volunteer army as Japan's defensive strategy towards the end of its occupation. It can be concluded that although the Japanese occupation in Palembang was characterized by exploitative suffering, the militarization program through Giyugun inadvertently provided essential military skills that later became a crucial asset for the local youth in defending independence during the Physical Revolution (1945–1949).
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Razi Pardana, Risa Junita Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Komunikasi Korporat melalui Media Digital: Analisis Komparatif Empat Brand Ritel Modern di Indonesia
Studi ini menganalisis strategi komunikasi korporat melalui media digital di antara empat merek ritel modern terbesar di Indonesia: Alfamart, Indomaret, FamilyMart, dan Lawson. Penelitian ini dimotivasi oleh persaingan ketat di industri ritel modern dan penetrasi internet yang tinggi di Indonesia, yang mendorong penggunaan platform digital sebagai saluran komunikasi korporat. Studi ini menggunakan metode pemantauan media sosial selama 14 hari berturut-turut (27 November–10 Desember 2025) di Instagram, TikTok, Twitter, dan YouTube, mengukur frekuensi posting, kategori konten, dan respons publik (tayangan, suka, komentar, dan berbagi). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Alfamart dan Indomaret menerapkan strategi omnichannel intensif, sedangkan FamilyMart dan Lawson menerapkan strategi selektif. Konten Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) memperoleh keterlibatan tertinggi, dengan konten CSR Alfamart tentang bencana Sumatra mencapai tingkat keterlibatan 6,38% di TikTok. Strategi komunikasi agresif Alfamart berkorelasi dengan peningkatan pangsa pasar menjadi 35,3%. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa komunikasi CSR yang autentik dan strategi spesifik platform merupakan faktor penting dalam membangun ekuitas merek di industri ritel modern.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agung Sukariman Putra, Aditya Andreas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Konten dan Customer Engagement dalam Komunikasi Pemasaran Digital Industri Air Conditioning di Indonesia
Digital technology has transformed corporate marketing communication from a one-way model into a more interactive, social-media-based exchange. In the Air Conditioning (AC) industry, social media functions as a strategic instrument for relationship building, brand-image reinforcement, and Customer Engagement enhancement. This study examines the content strategies, Customer Engagement patterns, and platform effectiveness employed by Daikin, Gree, and Midea in digital marketing communication in Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative approach was applied through 14-day digital observation of the official Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok accounts of the three brands, yielding 81 posts as the unit of analysis. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that TikTok is the most effective platform for generating audience Engagement owing to its interactive, short-video format. Product content (38.3%) and branding content (35.8%) dominate the brands’ communication strategies, whereas educational and interactive content remain limited. Gree achieved the highest Engagement by integrating educational, entertaining, and interactive elements, demonstrating that follower count alone does not determine Engagement quality. These findings reinforce Content Marketing Theory, Customer Engagement Theory, and Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) by showing that content quality, platform characteristics, and communicative interactivity jointly drive audience Engagement. This study contributes to digital marketing communication research in the durable-goods sector in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Deta Anggraini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penataan Manajemen Sumber Daya Aparatur Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Gorontalo
The arrangement of civil servant resource management is a key factor in improving the effectiveness of government administration and the quality of public services at the regional level. This study aims to analyze the arrangement of civil servant resource management in the Regional Government of Gorontalo Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection was conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation with key informants, the Head and employees of the Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency of Gorontalo Regency, as well as supporting informants from one of the sub-district heads within the Regional Government of Gorontalo Regency. Data validity was tested through triangulation techniques, while data analysis was carried out through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The analysis of civil servant resource management refers to Sedarmayanti's theory with a focus on three indicators, namely employee placement according to expertise, a clear and planned career pattern, and employee recruitment according to procedures. The results of the study indicate that the arrangement of civil servant resource management in the Regional Government of Gorontalo Regency has generally been implemented well. However, there are still obstacles such as the lack of regional head regulations regarding career patterns of civil servants and the limited number of employees that do not fully match the needs of the organization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Reza Tjokra, Nandar Alfian Gani, Novita B. Mukdin, Novita B. Mukdin, Sarfan Tabo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Interaktif dan Minat Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa MI / SD
This study aims to analyze the important role of forensic accounting and investigative auditing in the prevention and detection of fraud within organizations. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach through a literature review by examining various sources related to the concepts, functions, and applications of forensic accounting and investigative auditing. The results of the study indicate that forensic accounting plays a strategic role in the preventive aspect, such as identifying weaknesses in internal control systems, analyzing fraud risks, and detecting early indications of fraud. Meanwhile, investigative auditing plays a role in the repressive aspect through in-depth examination processes, collection of legally valid evidence, analysis of fraud patterns, and identification of perpetrators and their modus operandi. The synergy between forensic accounting and investigative auditing is proven to enhance the effectiveness of fraud detection systems, produce more accurate investigation processes, and enable comprehensive fraud disclosure. Furthermore, the implementation of these approaches contributes to improving organizational accountability and transparency. Therefore, the integration of forensic accounting and investigative auditing becomes an essential element in establishing good governance and minimizing fraudulent practices.
Copyright (c) 2026 Didit Darmawan, Nadia Marta Trilova, Yeni Purwanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Model The Power of Two terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih Kelas X MAN 1 Padang Pariaman
This study is motivated by the suboptimal learning outcomes of students in Fiqh for Grade X at MAN 1 Padang Pariaman in the 2025/2026 academic year. The learning process is still dominated by lecture methods, causing students to be less focused and unable to understand and summarize the material effectively. Therefore, an alternative learning model is needed, namely The Power of Two model, which emphasizes collaboration between students in pairs to improve understanding. This study aims to determine student learning outcomes before and after the implementation of The Power of Two model and to analyze its effect on improving learning outcomes. This research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population consists of all Grade X students, with the sample selected using purposive sampling, namely class X E7 as the experimental class. Data were collected through pretest and posttest instruments and analyzed using hypothesis testing with SPSS version 20. The results showed that the average pretest score was 68.92, while the posttest average increased to 85.40. Hypothesis testing results indicated a significance value of <0.000 (<0.05), meaning that Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected. Thus, The Power of Two model has a significant and strong effect on improving student learning outcomes in Fiqh subjects for Grade X students at MAN 1 Padang Pariaman.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Sakinah Siregar, Khadijah Khadijah, Ilman Nasution, Azhariah Fatia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Digital Marketing Funnel pada Kampanye Kemanusiaan
The rapid advancement of digital technology has fundamentally transformed the landscape of humanitarian fundraising, requiring philanthropic institutions to adopt structured communication strategies to remain competitive in the attention economy. This study aims to analyze the application of the digital marketing funnel through Content Marketing strategies in three Islamic philanthropic institutions based in Cirebon: YAUM, DT Peduli Cirebon, and BAZNAS Kota Cirebon. Employing the Quantitative Content Analysis method, this study systematically observed and coded all social media posts published on Instagram and TikTok over a 14-day period (November 27 – December 10, 2025). A total of 145 content units were analyzed and categorized based on four funnel stages: Awareness (Education & Inspiration), Consideration (Program Information), Conversion (Fundraising), and Retention (Reports & Transparency). Intercoder reliability was established using Krippendorff's Alpha (α = 0.85). Results indicate that YAUM dominated share of voice with an average of 6.4 posts per day, applied a proactive Always-On funnel strategy, and demonstrated the most complete funnel coverage across all four stages. DT Peduli showed moderate funnel activity concentrated at the top and middle stages, while BAZNAS exhibited a reactive event-riding pattern, activating only at the bottom-of-funnel during the Sumatra/Aceh natural disaster. The absence of top-of-funnel content by BAZNAS prior to the crisis period significantly limited its potential for long-term donor Retention. This study recommends that Islamic philanthropic institutions adopt a structured content calendar, implement content localization strategies for branch-level communications, and expand to multi-platform (omnichannel) strategies to optimize donor acquisition and Retention.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Farizan Saputera, Lutfi Adji Ardiansyah, Mulharnetti Syas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Bertahan Hidup Pedagang Kaki Lima di Pasar Oesapa
This research is motivated by the strategic role of the informal sector as an economic buffer for society, yet street vendors as its main actors are often in a vulnerable position due to limited capital, income uncertainty, and pressures from an unequal economic structure. This phenomenon requires deeper investigation to understand how lower economic groups survive within a system that tends to favor capital owners. This study aims to describe and analyze the survival strategies implemented by street vendors at Oesapa Market, Kupang City, and examine these conditions through the perspective of Karl Marx’s theory. The study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, while data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation studies involving vendors and related parties. The results indicate that vendors apply three main types of strategies: active strategies such as extending working hours and product diversification, passive strategies through household expenditure efficiency, and network strategies by utilizing social relations and solidarity among fellow traders. From Marx’s perspective, these strategies represent forms of adaptation and struggle by the lower class who do not own means of production, striving to survive and fulfill daily needs despite facing unequal access and capital dominance within the capitalist economic system. This study concludes that the survival strategies undertaken are concrete responses to socioeconomic structural pressures that limit the space of marginalized groups, as well as evidence of the resilience of small communities in maintaining their livelihoods.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yupryadi Crystian Here, Sofroni Veronika Natonis, Petrus Selestinus Mite, Yeheskial Adriaan Roen, Lenny Sofia Bire Manoe, Mira Yulita Feoh, Evita Welle, Yofran Lazarus Nggili https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Kedaulatan Hukum di Era Digital
The rapid development of digital technology has transformed the concept of state legal sovereignty, which was traditionally understood as absolute and territorially bound. The emergence of global digital platforms with the capacity to establish and enforce their own rules, combined with cross-border digital activities, has created complex legal challenges that extend beyond national jurisdictions. This study aims to analyze the transformation of legal sovereignty in the digital era by examining the relationship between the state, global digital platforms, and international law in governing cyberspace. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research, including legislation, legal doctrines, books, and scholarly articles, and were analyzed qualitatively using legal interpretation and prescriptive legal reasoning. The findings indicate that legal sovereignty has shifted from an exclusive territorial concept toward a collaborative governance model involving states, digital platforms, and international legal regimes. Although digital platforms increasingly exercise regulatory functions through terms of service, algorithms, and content moderation, the state remains the primary legal authority responsible for ensuring legal certainty, protecting fundamental rights, and safeguarding the public interest. The study highlights the importance of harmonizing national regulations with international legal frameworks and strengthening the accountability of digital platforms to establish an effective and adaptive system of digital governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kintan Artari, Mardiah Mastur Rahmah, Herdiawan Herdiawan, Alziqry Arifin, Rachmat Ragil Iskandar, Rahmatullah Ayu Hasmiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) dengan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Mendalam dalam Menumbuhkan Karakter Disiplin bagi Siswa Kelas 3 SD Negeri 1 Padokan Kabupaten Bantul
Islamic Religious Education (PAI) instruction in elementary schools remains oriented toward knowledge transfer and rote memorization, resulting in the character trait of discipline not being optimally internalized. Meanwhile, the Independent Curriculum emphasizes meaningful and reflective learning through a deep learning approach. This study aims to analyze the design of deep learning-based PAI instruction, describe its implementation, and examine the strengthening of student discipline through this approach at SD Negeri 1 Padokan. The study employs a qualitative, descriptive approach. Research subjects included the school principal, the PAI teacher, and students. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis utilized an interactive model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was verified through source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that the instructional design was formulated within teaching modules that integrate principles of meaningful, mindful, and joyful learning. The implementation of instruction fostered active engagement, value reflection, and contextual practice, allowing the character of discipline to develop through habituation, role modeling, and positive reinforcement. Thus, deep learning proved effective in supporting the systematic and sustainable internalization of discipline, despite challenges regarding time constraints and administrative burdens.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ani Kusmawati, Mhd. Lailan Arqam, Sri Roviana, Azaki Khoirudin, Wantini Wantini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Psikologi sebagai Landasan Pendidikan: Peran Psikologi Perkembangan dan Psikologi Belajar dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran
Psychology plays a vital role as one of the cornerstones of education, as it provides an understanding of learners’ characteristics, development and learning processes. This understanding equips educators to design learning experiences tailored to the needs and potential of each individual. This article aims to examine the importance of developmental psychology and learning psychology as a foundation for creating more effective learning processes. The article was written using a literature review (library research) method, drawing on various academic sources, such as books and journals related to educational psychology. The findings indicate that developmental psychology helps educators understand the stages of learners’ development, enabling learning to be tailored to the characteristics of each developmental phase. On the other hand, learning psychology provides an understanding of the learning process, the factors influencing learning success, and various learning approaches such as behaviourist, humanistic and cognitive approaches which can be applied in accordance with learners’ needs. By understanding these two aspects, educators can determine more appropriate learning strategies, methods and resources, thereby creating a conducive learning environment, boosting motivation to learn, and supporting the achievement of optimal learning outcomes. Thus, psychology serves as a vital foundation for realising learner-centred, humanistic learning that supports the achievement of educational objectives in their entirety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Prihaten Maskhuliah, Aulia Salsabila Putri, Dewi Mawaddah Rumaf, Tita Mustikawati Selayar, Alfaris Syahdan Nurpratama, Iman Bugis, Firanti Nur Hayoto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penanganan Perkara Tindak Pidana Manipulasi Data dan Pengancaman Melalui Media Sosial pada Direktorat Reserse Kriminal Khusus Polda Nusa Tenggara Timur
The rapid development of information technology has contributed to the increasing occurrence of cybercrime, particularly data manipulation and threats through social media. This study aims to analyze the handling of criminal cases involving data manipulation and threats through social media by the Cyber Crime Directorate of the Special Criminal Investigation Directorate of the East Nusa Tenggara Regional Police and to identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of law enforcement. This research employed an empirical legal method with a case approach. Primary data were collected through interviews with investigators of the Cyber Crime Subdirectorate of the East Nusa Tenggara Regional Police, while secondary data were obtained from legislation, legal literature, court decisions, and related scientific publications. The findings indicate that all reported cases during the 2023–2026 period were successfully processed through investigation and transferred to the public prosecutor in accordance with Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. Nevertheless, law enforcement remains constrained by limited digital forensic facilities, the rapid deletion or alteration of electronic evidence, the increasing misuse of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and low public digital literacy. Strengthening investigators' competencies, improving digital forensic infrastructure, enhancing interagency cooperation, and expanding digital literacy programs are essential to improve the effectiveness of cybercrime law enforcement.
Copyright (c) 2026 Angela Dima, Rudepel Petrus Leo, Bhisa Vitus Wilhelmus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Perkawinan Sesuku di Desa Leuburi Kabupaten Lembata
This study aims to examine the implementation of customary law governing same-clan marriage (aman udeq), community perceptions, and its social and cultural implications in Leuburi Village, Buyasuri District, Lembata Regency. The research employed an empirical legal method with a qualitative approach. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with 18 informants consisting of customary leaders, the village head, three same-clan married couples, family members, and community representatives. Secondary data were obtained from statutory regulations, legal literature, and relevant scholarly publications. The findings indicate that same-clan marriage remains strictly prohibited under the customary exogamous kinship system practiced by the Leuburi community. Enforcement of customary law is carried out through genealogical verification, customary deliberation, and the imposition of sanctions, including revocation of clan membership, social exclusion, customary reconciliation ceremonies, restriction of customary rights, and the non-recognition of descendants within the customary lineage. Most community members continue to uphold this prohibition as an effort to preserve cultural values and kinship order, although limited alternative views have emerged due to emotional factors and ongoing social change. The study concludes that customary law continues to play a significant role in maintaining social order while adapting to the challenges of modernization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Valentina, Juliana Susantje Ndolu, Chatryen M. Dju Bire https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Manggarai Timur Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 tentang Percepatan Penurunan Stunting di Kabupaten Manggarai Timur
Stunting is a growth and developmental disorder caused by chronic malnutrition that requires integrated policy interventions. To accelerate stunting reduction, the Government of East Manggarai Regency enacted Regent Regulation Number 15 of 2019 concerning the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction. However, the increase in stunting cases in Satar Nawang and Wea Villages in 2025 indicates that the policy has not been implemented optimally. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Regent Regulation Number 15 of 2019 and identify the factors affecting its effectiveness. The research employed an empirical legal method using socio-legal and conceptual approaches. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature review, and analyzed qualitatively using the legal effectiveness theory. The findings reveal that the policy has been implemented through supplementary feeding for pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency, exclusive breastfeeding promotion, complementary feeding programs, integrated health post services, and improved access to clean water. The effectiveness of implementation is influenced by human resources, infrastructure, funding, community participation, and the role of community health volunteers. Strengthening institutional coordination, public education, and resource support is therefore essential to improve the effectiveness of stunting reduction programs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eufronius Gole, Josef Mario Monteiro, Maria Susanti Dalima https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Tata Kelola Penanggulangan Bencana Banjir di Kelurahan Oesapa, Kecamatan Kelapa Lima, Kota Kupang
Flooding is one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters occurring in Kupang City and has significant social, economic, and environmental impacts. Oesapa Village, located in Kelapa Lima District, is one of the coastal areas with a relatively high level of vulnerability to flooding due to high rainfall intensity, rapid residential development, and the suboptimal condition of the drainage system. This study aims to analyze flood disaster management governance in Oesapa Village, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City. The research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected from various secondary sources, including scientific journals, policy documents, disaster reports, laws and regulations, and other relevant official publications. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.The findings indicate that the Government of Kupang City has implemented various flood mitigation programs, including drainage construction, water channel normalization, disaster mitigation socialization, and institutional capacity strengthening. However, flooding continues to occur due to infrastructure limitations, low public awareness regarding environmental management, and suboptimal coordination among stakeholders. Analysis based on the Collaborative Governance perspective reveals that the success of flood disaster management is highly influenced by collaboration among government institutions, local communities, and other relevant actors. Therefore, strengthening a more integrated, participatory, and sustainable disaster governance system is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of flood disaster management in Oesapa Village.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indrika Amanda Junita Panggur, Amelia Irnawati Nendong, Delma Dassi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Inovasi Kebijakan Komunikasi Publik Pemerintah dalam Sosialisasi Program Analog Switch Off
The transition from analog to digital television broadcasting through the Analog Switch Off (ASO) policy represents a strategic government initiative to improve broadcasting quality and optimize radio frequency spectrum utilization. This study aims to analyze the implementation of public communication innovation conducted by TVRI East Nusa Tenggara Station in supporting the dissemination of the ASO policy in Kupang City. A qualitative case study approach was employed through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and literature review. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman by applying Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations Theory and Edward III's Policy Implementation Model. The findings indicate that TVRI has implemented various communication strategies through television broadcasts, social media, public service announcements, and direct community outreach. The innovation demonstrates relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and observability, although complexity remains a challenge for certain community groups due to limited digital literacy and unequal access to information. Furthermore, policy implementation has generally been supported by effective communication, institutional commitment, adequate organizational structure, and interagency coordination, despite limitations in human resources and the coverage of public outreach. Strengthening adaptive communication strategies, expanding community education, and enhancing institutional collaboration are essential to improve public acceptance and ensure the successful implementation of digital broadcasting migration.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfania Yohrinli Gracenda Tefa, Umbu T.W. Pariangu, Mariayani O. Rene https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Hukum Tanggung Jawab Marketplace Lazada Atas Pembekuan Akun dan Saldo Penjualan Berdasarkan PP Nomor 80 Tahun 2019
This research analyzes the legal responsibility of marketplace operator Lazada regarding the freezing of seller accounts and sales balances based on Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 concerning Trade Through Electronic Systems. Using a qualitative juridical empiric approach, the study examined the case of Aba Mart, a seller who experienced account freezing and loss of approximately Rp 15 million in sales balance. Through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation analysis with Aba Mart as the single case subject, the research reveals that Lazada's unilateral account freezing actions constitute breach of contract and unlawful conduct, violating Articles 7, 15, and 18 of PP No. 80/2019. The findings indicate that Lazada violated the principles of good faith and balance in the Indonesian Civil Code. The dispute resolution mechanisms available to sellers prove ineffective and inaccessible, particularly for small traders in Bandung. This research recommends comprehensive regulatory reforms addressing transparency standards, independent appeal mechanisms, strengthening of standard contract clauses, and provision of legal assistance to small business operators to create a fair and equitable e-commerce ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2026 Asep Setiawan, Ahmad Nurun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reformulasi Living Law dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dan Tantangannya terhadap Asas Legalitas
The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code recognizes living law as part of Indonesia’s criminal justice system through Articles 2, 96, and 597. This reform reflects a significant shift in Indonesia’s criminal law by accommodating legal pluralism and the diverse values existing within society. This study examines the reformulation of living law in the Criminal Code, analyzes the resulting paradigm shift in criminal law, and evaluates its implications for the principle of legality. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the recognition of living law moves Indonesia’s criminal law from a strictly formal legality approach toward a more pluralistic framework by incorporating societal norms into the national legal system. Nevertheless, this recognition raises challenges concerning legal certainty, consistency in the application of criminal law, and the protection of the principle of legality. Therefore, effective implementation requires balancing respect for legal diversity with the need to maintain legal certainty and uphold the fundamental principles of modern criminal law.
Copyright (c) 2026 Haris Habibi, Ismaidar Ismaidar, Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar, Khairuddin Siregar, Jhoni Muda Pratama Barus, Medi Islamta Sembiring, Doni Sabda Tanjung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tinjauan Sistematis Tentang Faktor Prediktor dan Dampak Kecemasan Sosial pada Remaja Korban Bullying
Bullying is a major issue affecting adolescents and contributes to various mental health problems, particularly social anxiety. Although numerous studies have examined the predictors and consequences of social anxiety among bullying victims, the available evidence remains fragmented. This study aimed to identify and synthesize the predictor factors and impacts of social anxiety among adolescent bullying victims using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Literature was retrieved from Google Scholar and Scopus databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 studies published between 2019 and 2025 were included in the review. The findings indicate that social anxiety is influenced by multiple predictor factors, including bullying and cyberbullying victimization, limited social support, low self-esteem, parenting style, assertive behavior, school environment, and individual characteristics. The most frequently reported impacts include social withdrawal, impaired interpersonal relationships, low self-confidence, depression, poor social adaptation, and reduced quality of life. These findings suggest that social anxiety among adolescent bullying victims results from the interaction of psychological and environmental factors. This review provides comprehensive evidence that may support the development of prevention strategies and mental health interventions for adolescents.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eva Sulistyo, Suhadianto Suhadianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perlindungan Rahasia Medis Pasien dalam Penerapan Rekam Medis Elektronik di Klinik Citra Medika Medan Marelan
The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) represents a crucial aspect of healthcare digital transformation aimed at enhancing the effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of medical services. However, this digitalization also raises significant concerns regarding the protection of patients’ medical confidentiality, which constitutes a fundamental privacy right safeguarded by law. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the protection of patients’ medical confidentiality in EMR implementation, examine its practical application at Citra Medika Clinic in Medan Marelan, and identify existing obstacles as well as efforts to address them. This research employs an empirical juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Primary data were obtained through an interview with Mrs. Mifta Ariani Hasibuan, Am.Keb., serving as the PRB and Prolanis administrative officer at the clinic, while secondary data were collected through literature review, including laws, legal doctrines, and relevant scientific journals. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the Miles and Huberman Interactive Analysis Model, and validity was ensured through triangulation techniques. The findings reveal that the clinic has implemented confidentiality protection measures through restricted access, user authentication systems, and data security protocols in accordance with applicable regulations. Nevertheless, several challenges persist, including suboptimal access control, limited user awareness, and the need for continuous monitoring of EMR usage. Therefore, strengthening governance systems, improving user compliance, and conducting regular evaluations are essential to ensure optimal legal protection of patients’ medical confidentiality in digital healthcare services and sustainable healthcare system development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohd Taufiq Kamil Husaini, Irsyam Risdawati, Aditya Nafidz Farhan, Ahmad Yasin, Fadhlul Akhyar Zi, Gina Zalfa Salsabila S, Muhammad Mas’ud Herlambang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Membangun Literasi Digital dalam Komunikasi Pembelajaran bagi para Guru SMP Negeri 54 Bandung
The rapid development of digital technology and information has brought significant changes in the way humans communicate and share information, particularly in the educational sector. The ability of educators to adapt to technology in the learning process is absolutely necessary to face the challenges of the 21st century. Digital literacy has become an essential competency for educators in navigating both online and hybrid learning environments. The Community Service (PPM) team from Fikom Unpad implemented a digital communication training program based on social media for instructional learning. The method utilized in this program involved direct face-to-face workshops and the provision of comprehensive materials regarding the utilization of social media and digital platforms in learning. The results of the activity indicate a significant increase in teachers' understanding of digital literacy concepts, alongside their enhanced ability to integrate digital media into classroom communication effectively and ethically. This program is expected to serve as a sustainable capacity-building model for teachers, ultimately supporting and elevating the quality of education at the junior high school level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Santi Susanti, Wahyu Gunawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital transformation has shifted public relations (PR) from a message dissemination function to a strategic practice that requires organizations to continuously listen to, understand, and respond to their publics. This article aims to examine IKEA Indonesia’s digital public relations practices through a documentary-conceptual case study to understand the risk of the volume trap, namely the tendency to treat the amount of content, exposure, impressions, search volume, or website traffic as the ultimate evidence of reputational success. The study employs Digital PR Theory and Excellence Theory, using a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis of secondary data, including the Indonesia Top Digital Public Relations Award 2026, INFOBRAND.ID publications, media coverage, and IKEA Indonesia’s Bonding Instruction campaign. The analysis applies documentary thematic coding to digital visibility, indicative public responses, digital awareness, relational storytelling, owned media traffic, and feedback loop indicators. The findings indicate an emerging shift in public attention toward owned media, as reflected in the high number of website visitors. However, the interpretation remains limited due to the lack of data on traffic sources, the composition of organic and paid traffic, visit duration, returning users, and independently verified sentiment. This article proposes the Data-Based Dialogic Digital PR Planning Heuristic Framework as an evaluative guide to distinguish visibility metrics from reputational impact in digital PR evaluation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ridha Handayani, Andhini Winariyanti, Mulharnetti Syas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan Alat Ukur Situational Judgment Test (SJT) pada Dimensi Moral Self-Discrepancy dalam Situasi Pelecehan Seksual pada Generasi Z
Self-Discrepancy Theory (Higgins, 1987) explains the inconsistency between individuals’ moral beliefs and their actual behavioral responses in social situations. Conformity pressure often encourages Generation Z to remain passive as bystanders despite recognizing moral violations, while no specific instrument has been developed to measure Self-Discrepancy in the context of sexual harassment. This study aimed to develop a Situational Judgment Test (SJT) instrument based on three dimensions (actual self, ideal self, and ought self) and three sub-dimensions (MSA, SPR, and SEB). Content validity was evaluated by four experts, resulting in an Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI) of 1.00 for 30 initial items. Data from 195 respondents were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), producing acceptable model fit indices (CFI = 0.829, TLI = 0.806, RMSEA = 0.079, SRMR = 0.063). Twenty items were retained with standardized factor loadings ranging from 0.43 to 0.66 (p < .001), while one item was removed due to inadequate validity. The final instrument is valid and reliable for measuring bystander Self-Discrepancy in sexual harassment situations among university students and may be applied in broader populations in future studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nazwa Audina Friadi, Nayla Luthfya, Nayla Shafa Apriliana, Najwa Siti Fakhirah, Adiyo Roebianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transformasi Nilai Hijrah dalam Pembentukan Karakter Religius Remaja melalui Kegiatan Gebyar Muharram
This study aims to describe the transformation of hijrah values among adolescents through the implementation of the Gebyar Muharram program in Serapuh Village, Langkat Regency. The study highlights the internalization of hijrah values through community-based religious activities that actively engage adolescents as both participants and organizing committee members, enabling them to develop character, leadership, responsibility, and social awareness. It also emphasizes the collaboration among the village government, religious leaders, parents, mosque administrators, and the community in supporting non-formal Islamic education. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the village head, religious leaders, committee members, parents, and participating adolescents. The data were analyzed through data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that Gebyar Muharram is conducted annually through various activities, including Islamic competitions, religious lectures, dhikr, collective prayers, and charity programs for orphans. Adolescents’ involvement in organizing and participating in these activities provides meaningful learning experiences that strengthen responsibility, teamwork, leadership, and social concern. Furthermore, the transformation of hijrah values is reflected in increased enthusiasm for worship, improved moral behavior, stronger self-confidence, and greater awareness of self-improvement based on Islamic teachings. The study concludes that Gebyar Muharram functions not only as a commemoration of the Islamic New Year but also as an effective model of community-based non-formal Islamic education for fostering adolescents’ character and religious development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hayatun Sabariah, Dinda Rispani, Wisufia salma, Sabila Azhara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Relevansi Metode Berpikir Ilmiah di Era Artificial Intelligence: Analisis Kritis terhadap Transformasi Proses Penelitian Akademik
This study examines whether the scientific method remains relevant in the era of artificial intelligence (AI), as academic communities increasingly rely on AI to support cognitive and analytical tasks. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research explores the experiences and perceptions of lecturers and students regarding the role of scientific thinking in AI-assisted learning and research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis involving purposively selected participants who actively use AI in academic activities. The findings reveal three major themes: the shift in cognitive habits toward AI dependence, the tension between technological efficiency and analytical rigor, and the continued relevance of the scientific method in AI-mediated environments. Although AI improves productivity and facilitates academic work, excessive reliance on AI reduces engagement in essential scientific processes, including problem formulation, critical evaluation, and methodological justification. Participants also expressed concerns that AI dependence may weaken reflective judgment and independent verification of information. Nevertheless, the scientific method remains indispensable for ensuring academic integrity, epistemic credibility, and intellectual autonomy. The study concludes that strengthening scientific literacy, critical thinking, and AI literacy through institutional policies and pedagogical strategies is essential to ensure that AI functions as a supportive tool rather than a substitute for human scientific inquiry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indi Nuroini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0